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                    ½ºÅäÁüݼ¿  STOZIME CAP[Aminophylline , Dextromethorphan HBr , Lysozyme chloride]  
                    
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                     Àü¹®ÀǾàǰ | ºñ±Þ¿©  
                        
                    	
                    
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                      µå·°ÀÎÆ÷¿¡¼´Â ÀǾàǰ ÀÎÅÍ³Ý ÆÇ¸Å¸¦ ÇÏÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù. | 
                     
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[Drugbank ÀÇ ¼ººÐÁ¤º¸¿¶÷] [Aminophylline][Dextromethorphan]
      
      
      
      
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	 °í½ÃµÈ º´¿ë±Ý±â ³»¿ëÀº ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù.
	 
	  [»óÈ£ÀÛ¿ë/º´¿ë±Ý±â°Ë»ö]										
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    | µ¶¼ºÁ¤º¸ | 
    Dextromethorphan¿¡ ´ëÇÑ µ¶¼ºÁ¤º¸ : Á¤º¸º¸±â 
Lysozyme¿¡ ´ëÇÑ µ¶¼ºÁ¤º¸ : Á¤º¸º¸±â 
  Ãâó: ±¹¸³µ¶¼º°úÇпø µ¶¼º¹°ÁúÁ¤º¸DB : http://www.nitr.go.kr/nitr/contents/m134200/view.do  | 
   
  
   
    | Mechanism of Action | 
    
       Aminophylline¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Mechanism_Of_Action Á¤º¸ Theophylline is structurally related to theobromine and caffeine. The precise mechanism of action of theophylline is not known.
  Dextromethorphan¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Mechanism_Of_Action Á¤º¸ Dextromethorphan is an opioid-like drug that binds to and acts as antagonist to the NMDA glutamatergic receptor, it is an agonist to the opioid sigma 1 and sigma 2 receptors, it is also an alpha3/beta4 nicotinic receptor antagonist and targets the serotonin reuptake pump. Dextromethorphan is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, where it enters the bloodstream and crosses the blood-brain barrier. The first-pass through the hepatic portal vein results in some of the drug being metabolized into an active metabolite of dextromethorphan, dextrorphan, the 3-hydroxy derivative of dextromethorphan. 
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    | Pharmacology | 
     
       Aminophylline¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Pharmacology Á¤º¸ Aminophylline is the ethylenediamine salt of theophylline. Theophylline stimulates the CNS, skeletal muscles, and cardiac muscle. It relaxes certain smooth muscles in the bronchi, produces diuresis, and causes an increase in gastric secretion.
  Dextromethorphan¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Pharmacology Á¤º¸ Dextromethorphan suppresses the cough reflex by a direct action on the cough center in the medulla of the brain. Dextromethorphan shows high affinity binding to several regions of the brain, including the medullary cough center. This compound is an NMDA receptor antagonist and acts as a non-competitive channel blocker. It is one of the widely used antitussives, and is also used to study the involvement of glutamate receptors in neurotoxicity. 
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    | Metabolism | 
    
       Aminophylline¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Metabolism Á¤º¸ # Phase_1_Metabolizing_Enzyme:Not Available
  Dextromethorphan¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Metabolism Á¤º¸ # Phase_1_Metabolizing_Enzyme:Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) 
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    | Protein Binding | 
    
       Aminophylline¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ´Ü¹é°áÇÕ Á¤º¸ 60% 
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    | Half-life | 
    
       Aminophylline¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹Ý°¨±â Á¤º¸ 7-9 hours
  Dextromethorphan¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹Ý°¨±â Á¤º¸ 3-6 hours 
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    | Absorption | 
    
       Aminophylline¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Absorption Á¤º¸ Not Available
  Dextromethorphan¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Absorption Á¤º¸ Rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. 
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    | Pharmacokinetics | 
    
       AminophyllineÀÇ ¾à¹°µ¿·ÂÇÐÀÚ·á 
1.ºÐÆ÷ Vd = 0.45L/kg  
2.¸ðÀ¯·Î °ÅÀÇ Ç÷Áß³óµµ¿Í °°Àº Á¤µµ·Î ºÐÆ÷Çϸç Źݵµ Åë°ú  
3.´ë»ç : °£¿¡¼ demethylation, oxidation  
4.¹Ý°¨±â : ³ªÀÌ, °£ ±â´É, ½É ±â´É, Æó Áúȯ, Èí¿¬·Â¿¡ µû¶ó ¸Å¿ì ´Ù¾ç 
¡á AminophyllineÀÇ ¹Ý°¨±â 
 
  
  
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5.¼Ò½Ç : ¼Òº¯ 
6.¼ºÀÎÀº 10%°¡ ¹Ìº¯Èü·Î ¹è¼³µÇ°í ½Å»ý¾Æ´Â ´õ ¸¹Àº ¾ç(50%±îÁö)ÀÌ ¹Ìº¯Èü·Î ½Å¹è¼³µÈ´Ù. 
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	- ÁøÇØÀÛ¿ë ¹ßÇö½Ã°£ : 15~30ºÐ À̳»
	
 - ÀÛ¿ëÁö¼Ó½Ã°£ : 6½Ã°£±îÁö
	
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    | Biotransformation | 
    
       Aminophylline¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Biotransformation Á¤º¸ Not Available
  Dextromethorphan¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Biotransformation Á¤º¸ Hepatic. Rapidly and extensively metabolized to dextrorphan (active metabolite). One well known metabolic catalyst involved is a specific cytochrome P450 enzyme known as 2D6, or CYP2D6. 
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    | Toxicity | 
    
       Aminophylline¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Toxicity Á¤º¸ Not Available
  Dextromethorphan¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Toxicity Á¤º¸ Not Available 
     | 
   
  
   
    | Drug Interactions | 
    
       Aminophylline¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Drug_Interactions Á¤º¸ Aciclovir	Acyclovir increases the effect and toxicity of theophyllineAdenosine	This xanthine decreases the effect of adenosineButabarbital	The barbiturate decreases the effect of theophyllineButalbital	The barbiturate decreases the effect of theophyllineDihydroquinidine barbiturate	The barbiturate decreases the effect of theophyllineAtracurium	Theophylline decreases the effect of muscle relaxantCarbamazepine	Carbamazepine increases or decreases the effect of theophyllineCarteolol	Antagonism of action and increased effect of theophyllineCimetidine	Cimetidine increases the effect of theophyllineCiprofloxacin	The quinolone increases the effect of theophyllineClarithromycin	Clarithromycin increases the effect amd toxicity of theophyllineDisulfiram	Disulfiram increases the effect and toxicity of theophyllineDoxacurium	Theophylline decreases the effect of muscle relaxantEnoxacin	The quinolone increases the effect of theophyllineErythromycin	The macrolide increases the effect and toxicity of theophyllineEthinyl Estradiol	The contraceptive increases the effect and toxicity of theophyllineEthotoin	Decreased effect of both productsFluvoxamine	Fluvoxamine increases the effect and toxicity of theophyllineFosphenytoin	Decreased effect of both productsGallamine Triethiodide	Theophylline decreases the effect of muscle relaxantGrepafloxacin	The quinolone increases the effect of theophyllineHalothane	Increased risk of cardiac arrhythmiaInterferon Alfa-2a, Recombinant	Interferon increases the effect and toxicity of theophyllineInterferon Alfa-2b, Recombinant	Interferon increases the effect and toxicity of theophyllineInterferon alfa-n1	Interferon increases the effect and toxicity of theophyllineIsoniazid	Isoniazid increases the effect and toxicity of theophhyllineJosamycin	The macrolide increases the effect and toxicity of theophyllineMephenytoin	Decreased effect of both productsMethohexital	The barbiturate decreases the effect of theophyllineMetocurine	Theophylline decreases the effect of muscle relaxantMexiletine	Mexiletine increases the effect and toxicity of theophyllineMivacurium	Theophylline decreases the effect of muscle relaxantNadolol	Antagonism of action and increased effect of theophyllineNorfloxacin	The quinolone increases the effect of theophyllinePancuronium	Theophylline decreases the effect of muscle relaxantPefloxacin	The quinolone increases the effect of theophyllinePeginterferon alfa-2a	Interferon increases the effect and toxicity of theophyllinePeginterferon alfa-2b	Interferon increases the effect and toxicity of theophyllinePentobarbital	The barbiturate decreases the effect of theophyllinePentoxifylline	Pentoxyfylline increases the effect and toxicity of theophyllinePhenytoin	Decreased effect of both productsPindolol	Antagonism of action and increased effect of theophyllinePrimidone	The barbiturate decreases the effect of theophyllinePropafenone	Propafenone increases the effect of theophyllinePropranolol	Antagonism of action and increased effect of theophyllineQuinidine barbiturate	The barbiturate decreases the effect of theophyllineRifampin	Rifampin decreases the effect of theophyllineRitonavir	Ritonavir decreases the effect of theophyllineRofecoxib	Rofecoxib increases the effect and toxicity of theophyllineSecobarbital	The barbiturate decreases the effect of theophyllineSotalol	Antagonism of action and increased effect of theophyllineSt. John's Wort	St. John's Wort decreases the effect of theophyllineTacrine	Tacrine increases the effect and toxicity of theophyllineTalbutal	The barbiturate decreases the effect of theophyllineTerbinafine	Terbinafine increases the effect and toxicity of theophyllineThiabendazole	Thiabendazole increases the effect and toxicity of theophyllineTiclopidine	Ticlopidine increases the effect and toxicity of theophyllineTimolol	Antagonism of action and increased effect of theophyllineTubocurarine	Theophylline decreases the effect of muscle relaxantVecuronium	Theophylline decreases the effect of muscle relaxantZileuton	Zileuton increases the effect and toxicity of theophyllineVerapamil	Verapamil increases the effect of theophyllineAmobarbital	The barbiturate decreases the effect of theophyllineAprobarbital	The barbiturate decreases the effect of theophyllineButethal	The barbiturate decreases the effect of theophyllineHeptabarbital	The barbiturate decreases the effect of theophyllineHexobarbital	The barbiturate decreases the effect of theophyllineLithium	Theophylline decreases serum levels of lithiumMestranol	The contraceptive increases the effect and toxicity of theophyllineMethylphenobarbital	The barbiturate decreases the effect of theophyllinePenbutolol	Antagonism of action and increased effect of theophyllinePhenobarbital	The barbiturate decreases the effect of theophyllineTroleandomycin	The macrolide increases the effect and toxicity of theophylline
  Dextromethorphan¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Drug_Interactions Á¤º¸ Dihydroquinidine barbiturate	Quinidine increases the toxicity of dextromethorphanQuinidine	Quinidine increases the toxicity of dextromethorphanQuinidine barbiturate	Quinidine increases the toxicity of dextromethorphanFluoxetine	Combination associated with possible serotoninergic syndromeIsocarboxazid	Possible severe adverse reactionMemantine	Increased risk of CNS adverse effectsMoclobemide	Increased CNS toxicityParoxetine	Combination associated with possible serotoninergic syndromePhenelzine	Possible severe adverse reactionRasagiline	Possible severe adverse reactionSelegiline	Combination associated with possible serotoninergic syndromeSibutramine	Combination associated with possible serotoninergic syndromeTerbinafine	Terbinafine increases dextromethorphan levelsTranylcypromine	Possible severe adverse reaction 
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    CYP450  Drug Interaction | 
    
      [CYP450 TableÁ÷Á¢Á¶È¸] Dextromethorphan¿¡ ´ëÇÑ P450 table
  SUBSTRATES 
CYP 2D6 
Beta Blockers: 
S-metoprolol 
propafenone 
timolol 
Antidepressants: 
amitriptyline 
clomipramine 
desipramine 
imipramine 
paroxetine 
Antipsychotics: 
haloperidol 
risperidone 
thioridazine 
aripiprazole 
codeine 
**dextromethorphan** 
duloxetine 
flecainide 
mexiletine 
ondansetron 
tamoxifen 
tramadol 
venlafaxine 
 INHIBITORS 
CYP 2D6 
amiodarone 
buproprion 
chlorpheniramine 
cimetidine 
clomipramine 
duloxetine 
fluoxetine 
haloperidol 
methadone 
mibefradil 
paroxetine 
quinidine 
ritonavir 
 INDUCERS 
CYP 2D6 
N/A 
 
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    | Food Interaction | 
    
       Aminophylline¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Food Interaction Á¤º¸ Take with food.Limit caffeine intake.Vitamin B6 needs increased, supplement recommended. 
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    | Drug Target | 
    
      
      [Drug Target]
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    | SNP Á¤º¸ | 
    
      Name:Dextromethorphan (DB00514)
 Interacting Gene/Enzyme:Cytochrome P450 2D6 (Gene symbol = CYP2D6) Swissprot P10635
 SNP(s):CYP2D6*6 rs5030655 (T deletion, homozygote)
 Effect:Poor drug metabolizer, lower dose requirements
 Reference(s):Bradford LD, Gaedigk A, Leeder JS: High frequency of CYP2D6 poor and "intermediate" metabolizers in black populations: a review and preliminary data. Psychopharmacol Bull. 1998;34(4):797-804. [PubMed] 
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    | Description | 
    
       Aminophylline¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Description Á¤º¸ Aminophylline is a drug combination that contains theophylline and ethylenediamine in 2:1 ratio. [Wikipedia]
  Dextromethorphan¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Description Á¤º¸ The d-isomer of the codeine analog of levorphanol. Dextromethorphan shows high affinity binding to several regions of the brain, including the medullary cough center. This compound is an NMDA receptor antagonist (receptors, N-methyl-D-aspartate) and acts as a non-competitive channel blocker. It is one of the widely used antitussives, and is also used to study the involvement of glutamate receptors in neurotoxicity. [PubChem] 
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    | Dosage Form | 
    
       Aminophylline¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Dosage_Form Á¤º¸ Solution	IntravenousTablet	OralTablet, extended release	Oral
  Dextromethorphan¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Dosage_Form Á¤º¸ Capsule	OralLiquid	OralLozenge	OralStrip	OralSuspension	OralSyrup	OralTablet	Oral 
     | 
   
  
   
    | Drug Category | 
    
       Aminophylline¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Drug_Category Á¤º¸ Bronchodilator AgentsCardiotonic AgentsPhosphodiesterase InhibitorsRespiratory Smooth Muscle Relaxants
  Dextromethorphan¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Drug_Category Á¤º¸ Analgesics, OpioidAntitussive AgentsExcitatory Amino Acid Antagonists 
     | 
   
  
   
    | Smiles String Canonical | 
    
       Aminophylline¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Smiles_String_canonical Á¤º¸ NCCN.CN1C(=O)N(C)C2=C(NC=N2)C1=O.CN1C(=O)N(C)C2=C(NC=N2)C1=O
  Dextromethorphan¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Smiles_String_canonical Á¤º¸ COC1=CC2=C(CC3C4CCCCC24CCN3C)C=C1 
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    | Smiles String Isomeric | 
    
       Aminophylline¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Smiles_String_isomeric Á¤º¸ NCCN.CN1C(=O)N(C)C2=C(NC=N2)C1=O.CN1C(=O)N(C)C2=C(NC=N2)C1=O
  Dextromethorphan¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Smiles_String_isomeric Á¤º¸ COC1=CC2=C(C[C@H]3[C@H]4CCCC[C@@]24CCN3C)C=C1 
     | 
   
  
   
    | InChI Identifier | 
    
       Aminophylline¿¡ ´ëÇÑ InChI_Identifier Á¤º¸ InChI=1/2C7H8N4O2.C2H8N2/c2*1-10-5-4(8-3-9-5)6(12)11(2)7(10)13;3-1-2-4/h2*3H,1-2H3,(H,8,9);1-4H2/f/h2*8H;
  Dextromethorphan¿¡ ´ëÇÑ InChI_Identifier Á¤º¸ InChI=1/C18H25NO/c1-19-10-9-18-8-4-3-5-15(18)17(19)11-13-6-7-14(20-2)12-16(13)18/h6-7,12,15,17H,3-5,8-11H2,1-2H3/t15-,17+,18-/m1/s1 
     | 
   
  
   
    | Chemical IUPAC Name | 
    
       Aminophylline¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Chemical_IUPAC_Name Á¤º¸ 1,3-dimethyl-7H-purine-2,6-dione; 1,3-dimethyl-7H-purine-2,6-dione; ethane-1,2-diamine
  Dextromethorphan¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Chemical_IUPAC_Name Á¤º¸ Not Available 
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