Moclobemide¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Mechanism_Of_Action Á¤º¸ The mechanism of action of moclobemide involves the selective, reversible inhibition of MAO-A. This inhibition leads to a decrease in the metabolism and destruction of monoamines in the neurotransmitters. This results in an increase in the monoamines, relieving depressive symptoms.
Pharmacology
Moclobemide¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Pharmacology Á¤º¸ Moclobemide belongs to a class of MAOI antidepressants known as reversible inhibitors of monoamine oxidase type-A (RIMAs). The primary role of monoamine oxidase MAO lies in the metabolism of and regulation of the levels of monoamines (serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine). Within neurons, MAO appears to regulate the levels of monoamines released upon synaptic firing. Since depression is associated with low levels of monoamines, the inhibition of MAO serves to ease depressive symptoms. RIMAs demonstrate transient inhibition of the substrate binding site of MAO-A as well as competitive displacement from this site by bioamines. The RIMAs are distinguished from the older monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) by their selectivity and reversibility.
Metabolism
Moclobemide¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Metabolism Á¤º¸ # Phase_1_Metabolizing_Enzyme:Cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19)Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6)Monoamine oxidase type A (MAO-A)Monoamine oxidase type B (MAO-B)
Protein Binding
Moclobemide¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ´Ü¹é°áÇÕ Á¤º¸ Approximately 50% (primarily to albumin)
Moclobemide¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Absorption Á¤º¸ Well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. The presence of food reduces the rate but not the extent of absorption. Absolute bioavailability ranges from approximately 55% following administration of single doses of moclobemide to 90% following multiple dosing, due to the hepatic first pass effect.
Moclobemide¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Biotransformation Á¤º¸ Moclobemide is almost completely metabolized in the liver by Cytochrome P450 2C19 and 2D6.
Toxicity
Moclobemide¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Toxicity Á¤º¸ LD50 (mouse) is 730mg/kg and LD50 (rat) is 1,300mg/kg
Drug Interactions
Moclobemide¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Drug_Interactions Á¤º¸ Amitriptyline Possible severe adverse reaction with this combinationAmoxapine Possible severe adverse reaction with this combinationClomipramine Possible severe adverse reaction with this combinationCimetidine Cimetidine increases the effect of moclobemideDesipramine Possible severe adverse reaction with this combinationDoxepin Possible severe adverse reaction with this combinationImipramine Possible severe adverse reaction with this combinationNortriptyline Possible severe adverse reaction with this combinationParoxetine Possible severe adverse reaction with this combinationProtriptyline Possible severe adverse reaction with this combinationTryptophanyl-5'amp Possible severe adverse reaction with this combinationTrimipramine Possible severe adverse reaction with this combinationSertraline Possible severe adverse reaction with this combinationCitalopram Possible serotoninergic syndromeFluoxetine Risk of serotoninergic syndromeSelegiline Decrease in selectivitySibutramine Possible serotoninergic syndrome with this combinationTramadol Increased risk of seizures and serotonin syndromeDobutamine Moclobemide increases the sympathomimetic effectDopamine Moclobemide increases the sympathomimetic effectEphedra Moclobemide increases the sympathomimetic effectEphedrine Moclobemide increases the sympathomimetic effectEpinephrine Moclobemide increases the sympathomimetic effectFenoterol Moclobemide increases the sympathomimetic effectNorepinephrine Moclobemide increases the sympathomimetic effectPseudoephedrine Moclobemide increases the sympathomimetic effectSalbutamol Moclobemide increases the sympathomimetic effectPhenylephrine Moclobemide increases the sympathomimetic effectProcaterol Moclobemide increases the sympathomimetic effectPirbuterol Moclobemide increases the sympathomimetic effectPhenylpropanolamine Moclobemide increases the sympathomimetic effectIsoproterenol Moclobemide increases the sympathomimetic effectMephentermine Moclobemide increases the sympathomimetic effectMetaraminol Moclobemide increases the sympathomimetic effectMethoxamine Moclobemide increases the sympathomimetic effectOrciprenaline Moclobemide increases the sympathomimetic effectTerbutaline Moclobemide increases the sympathomimetic effectTramadol Increased risk of seizures and serotonin syndromeDextromethorphan Increased CNS toxicityMeperidine Increased CNS toxicity (can cause death)Donepezil Possible antagonism of actionGalantamine Possible antagonism of actionRivastigmine Possible antagonism of actionFluvoxamine Increased incidence of adverse effects with this associationRizatriptan The MAO inhibitor increases the effect and toxicity of rizatriptan
Moclobemide¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Food Interaction Á¤º¸ Food slows absorption a little. Avoid alcohol. Take after meals in order to minimize the risk of interaction with tyramine.
Moclobemide¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Description Á¤º¸ A reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase type A; (RIMA); (see monoamine oxidase inhibitors) that has antidepressive properties. [PubChem]