Pheniramine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Mechanism_Of_Action Á¤º¸ Antihistamines such as pheniramine appear to compete with histamine for histamine H1- receptor sites on effector cells. The antihistamines antagonize those pharmacological effects of histamine which are mediated through activation of H1- receptor sites and thereby reduce the intensity of allergic reactions and tissue injury response involving histamine release. Phenylephrine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Mechanism_Of_Action Á¤º¸ Phenylephrine produces its ophthalmic and systemic actions by acting on alpha 1 adrenergic receptors in the pupillary dilator muscle and the vascular smooth musle, resulting in contraction of the dilator muscle and contraction of the smooth muscle in the arterioles of the conjunctiva and peripheral vasoconstriction. Phenylephrine decreases nasal congestion by acting on alpha 1 adrenergic receptors in the arterioles of the nasal mucosa to produce constriction.
Pharmacology
Pheniramine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Pharmacology Á¤º¸ Pheniramine is an antihistamine used to treat allergic conditions such as hay fever or urticaria. It is generally sold in combination with other medications, rather than as a stand-alone drug. Phenylephrine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Pharmacology Á¤º¸ Phenylephrine is a powerful vasoconstrictor. It is used as a mydriatic, nasal decongestant, and cardiotonic agent. Phenylephrine is a postsynaptic alpha-receptor stimulant with little effect on the beta receptors of the heart. Parenteral administration of Phenylephrine causes a rise in systolic and diastolic pressures, cardiac output is slightly decreased and peripheral resistance is considerably increased, most vascular beds are constricted; renal, splanchnic, cutaneous, and limb blood flows are reduced but coronary blood flow is increased. Pulmonary vessels are constricted, and pulmonary arterial pressure is raised. This alpha receptor sympathetic agonist is also used locally because its vasoconstrictor and mydriatic action.
Metabolism
Phenylephrine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Metabolism Á¤º¸ # Phase_1_Metabolizing_Enzyme:Monoamine oxidase type A (MAO-A)
Phenylephrine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Absorption Á¤º¸ Reduced bioavailability (compared to pseudoephedrine) following oral administration due to significant first-pass metabolism.
Pheniramine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Biotransformation Á¤º¸ Hepatic hydroxylation, demethylation and glucuronidation. Phenylephrine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Biotransformation Á¤º¸ Oral phenylephrine is extensively metabolised by monoamine oxidase, an enzyme which is present in the stomach and liver.
Toxicity
Pheniramine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Toxicity Á¤º¸ Not Available Phenylephrine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Toxicity Á¤º¸ Not Available
Drug Interactions
Pheniramine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Drug_Interactions Á¤º¸ Not Available Phenylephrine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Drug_Interactions Á¤º¸ Alseroxylon Increased arterial pressureIsocarboxazid Increased arterial pressureDeserpidine Increased arterial pressureGuanethidine The agent decreases the effect of guanethidineRasagiline Increased arterial pressureMethyldopa Increased arterial pressureMidodrine Increased arterial pressurePargyline Increased arterial pressurePhenelzine Increased arterial pressureReserpine Increased arterial pressureTranylcypromine Increased arterial pressureOxytocin Possible marked increase of arterial pressureMethylergonovine Possible marked increase of arterial pressureLinezolid Possible increase of arterial pressureErgonovine Possible marked increase of arterial pressureTrimipramine The tricyclic increases the sympathomimetic effectProtriptyline The tricyclic increases the sympathomimetic effectNortriptyline The tricyclic increases the sympathomimetic effectClomipramine The tricyclic increases the sympathomimetic effectAmitriptyline The tricyclic increases the sympathomimetic effectAmoxapine The tricyclic increases the sympathomimetic effectDesipramine The tricyclic increases the sympathomimetic effectDoxepin The tricyclic increases the sympathomimetic effectImipramine The tricyclic increases the sympathomimetic effectMoclobemide Moclobemide increases the sympathomimetic effect
Pheniramine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Description Á¤º¸ One of the histamine H1 antagonists with little sedative action. It is used in treatment of hay fever, rhinitis, allergic dermatoses, and pruritus. [PubChem] Phenylephrine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Description Á¤º¸ An alpha-adrenergic agonist used as a mydriatic, nasal decongestant, and cardiotonic agent. [PubChem]