드러그인포 약품 상세정보

허가정보

항목

내용

청구코드(KD코드)
비급여점검코드
상한금액

비급여
[상병코드조회]
[질병코드집 다운로드] [우리집건강주치의 바로가기]

빠른조회


요약정보	[효능] [용법] [금기] [신중투여] [이상반응]

상세정보	[효능] [용법] [경고] [금기] [신중투여] [이상반응] [일반주의] [상호작용] [임산부] [수유부] [소아] [고령자] [신장애환자] [간장애환자] [적용주의] [과량투여] [임상검사치] [보관] [기타]

제품성상

황색의 타원형 당의정 [제형정보 확인]

포장·유통단위

120T, 240T

보관방법

기밀용기, 실온보관(1-30℃)

약리작용

[조회]

효능효과

[적응증 별 검색]

자양강장
허약체질
육체피로, 병중병후, 식욕부진, 영양장해, 발열성 소모성질환 등의 영양보급

용법용량

* 절대 임의복용하지 마시고 반드시 의사 또는 약사와 상담하시기 바랍니다.

[처방약어]
성인(15세 이상) 1회 2정씩 1일 2회 식후 복용한다.

[BMI지수 계산] [Body Surface Area 계산] [Cockcroft-Gault GFR 계산] [MDRD GFR 계산]

신중투여

의사의 치료를 받고 있는 사람

일반적 주의

* 복용할 때 다음 사항을 주의할 것.
용법, 용량을 잘 지킬 것.

* 복용중 또는 복용후에는 다음 사항을 주의할 것.

복용하는 동안 오심, 구토, 설사, 발진, 가려움 등의 증상이 나타나면, 복용을 중지하고 의사, 약사와 상의할 것.
1개월 정도 복용하여도 증상의 개선이 없을 경우에는 의사, 약사와 상의할 것.

보관 및 취급상의 주의

어린이의 손이 닿지 않는 곳에 보관한다.
직사일광을 피하고 될 수 있는 한 습기가 적은 서늘한 곳에 보관한다.
오용을 막고 품질의 보존을 위하여 다른 용기에 바꾸어 넣지 않는다.

Related FDA Approved Drug

기준 성분:HYDROXOCOBALAMIN
ALPHAREDISOL (HYDROXOCOBALAMIN)
CYANOKIT (HYDROXOCOBALAMIN)
HYDROXOCOBALAMIN (HYDROXOCOBALAMIN)
HYDROXOMIN (HYDROXOCOBALAMIN)
기준 성분:FURSULTIAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE
기준 성분:DIBASIC CALCIUM PHOSPHATE
기준 성분:ASCORBIC ACID
BEROCCA PN (ASCORBIC ACID; BIOTIN; CYANOCOBALAMIN; DEXPANTHENOL; ERGOCALCIFEROL; FOLIC ACID; NIACINAMIDE; PYRIDOXINE HYDROCHLORIDE; RIBOFLAVIN PHOSPHATE SODIUM; THIAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE; VITAMIN A PALMITATE; VITAMIN E)
CERNEVIT-12 (ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL; ASCORBIC ACID; BIOTIN; CHOLECALCIFEROL; CYANOCOBALAMIN; FOLIC ACID; NIACINAMIDE; PANTOTHENIC ACID; PYRIDOXINE; RIBOFLAVIN; THIAMINE; VITAMIN A)
INFUVITE ADULT (ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL ACETATE; ASCORBIC ACID; BIOTIN; CHOLECALCIFEROL; CYANOCOBALAMIN; DEXPANTHENOL; FOLIC ACID; NIACINAMIDE; PYRIDOXINE HYDROCHLORIDE; RIBOFLAVIN PHOSPHATE SODIUM; THIAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE; VITAMIN A PALMITATE; VITAMIN K)
INFUVITE PEDIATRIC (ASCORBIC ACID; BIOTIN; CHOLECALCIFEROL; CYANOCOBALAMIN; DEXPANTHENOL; FOLIC ACID; NIACINAMIDE; PYRIDOXINE; RIBOFLAVIN; THIAMINE; TOCOPHEROL ACETATE; VITAMIN A; VITAMIN K)
INFUVITE PEDIATRIC (PHARMACY BULK PACKAGE) (ASCORBIC ACID; BIOTIN; CHOLECALCIFEROL; CYANOCOBALAMIN; DEXPANTHENOL; FOLIC ACID; NIACINAMIDE; PYRIDOXINE; RIBOFLAVIN; THIAMINE; TOCOPHEROL ACETATE; VITAMIN A; VITAMIN K)
M.V.C. 9+3 (ASCORBIC ACID; BIOTIN; CYANOCOBALAMIN; DEXPANTHENOL; ERGOCALCIFEROL; FOLIC ACID; NIACINAMIDE; PYRIDOXINE HYDROCHLORIDE; RIBOFLAVIN PHOSPHATE SODIUM; THIAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE; VITAMIN A; VITAMIN E)
M.V.I. ADULT (ASCORBIC ACID; BIOTIN; CYANOCOBALAMIN; DEXPANTHENOL; ERGOCALCIFEROL; FOLIC ACID; NIACINAMIDE; PYRIDOXINE HYDROCHLORIDE; RIBOFLAVIN PHOSPHATE SODIUM; THIAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE; VITAMIN A; VITAMIN E; VITAMIN K)
M.V.I. ADULT (PHARMACY BULK PACKAGE) (ASCORBIC ACID; BIOTIN; CYANOCOBALAMIN; DEXPANTHENOL; ERGOCALCIFEROL; FOLIC ACID; NIACINAMIDE; PYRIDOXINE HYDROCHLORIDE; RIBOFLAVIN PHOSPHATE SODIUM; THIAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE; VITAMIN A; VITAMIN E; VITAMIN K)
M.V.I. PEDIATRIC (ASCORBIC ACID; BIOTIN; CYANOCOBALAMIN; DEXPANTHENOL; ERGOCALCIFEROL; FOLIC ACID; NIACINAMIDE; PHYTONADIONE; PYRIDOXINE HYDROCHLORIDE; RIBOFLAVIN PHOSPHATE SODIUM; THIAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE; VITAMIN A; VITAMIN E)
M.V.I.-12 (ASCORBIC ACID; BIOTIN; CYANOCOBALAMIN; DEXPANTHENOL; ERGOCALCIFEROL; FOLIC ACID; NIACINAMIDE; PYRIDOXINE HYDROCHLORIDE; RIBOFLAVIN PHOSPHATE SODIUM; THIAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE; VITAMIN A; VITAMIN E)
M.V.I.-12 (WITHOUT VITAMIN K) (ASCORBIC ACID; BIOTIN; CYANOCOBALAMIN; DEXPANTHENOL; ERGOCALCIFEROL; FOLIC ACID; NIACINAMIDE; PYRIDOXINE HYDROCHLORIDE; RIBOFLAVIN PHOSPHATE SODIUM; THIAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE; VITAMIN A; VITAMIN E)
M.V.I.-12 LYOPHILIZED (ASCORBIC ACID; BIOTIN; CYANOCOBALAMIN; DEXPANTHENOL; ERGOCALCIFEROL; FOLIC ACID; NIACINAMIDE; PYRIDOXINE; RIBOFLAVIN PHOSPHATE SODIUM; THIAMINE; VITAMIN A; VITAMIN E)
MOVIPREP (ASCORBIC ACID; POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 3350; POTASSIUM CHLORIDE; SODIUM ASCORBATE; SODIUM CHLORIDE; SODIUM SULFATE)
MVC PLUS (ASCORBIC ACID; BIOTIN; CYANOCOBALAMIN; DEXPANTHENOL; ERGOCALCIFEROL; FOLIC ACID; NIACINAMIDE; PYRIDOXINE HYDROCHLORIDE; RIBOFLAVIN PHOSPHATE SODIUM; THIAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE; VITAMIN A; VITAMIN E)
VITAPED (ASCORBIC ACID; BIOTIN; CYANOCOBALAMIN; ERGOCALCIFEROL; FOLIC ACID; NIACINAMIDE; PANTOTHENIC ACID; PHYTONADIONE; PYRIDOXINE; RIBOFLAVIN; THIAMINE; VITAMIN A PALMITATE; VITAMIN E)

정보요약

드럭인포 의약품 요약/상세정보

코드 및 분류정보

항목	내용
BIT 약효분류	기타 비타민/영양제류 (Other Vitamins & Nutritional Supplements)
ATC 코드	TONICS / A13A [코드분류상세설명] [ATC코드예측]
복지부분류코드	329 (기타의 자양강장변질제 )
Drugs By Indication	[전체보기]
Drugs By Classification	[전체보기]

제품정보

항목	내용
청구코드(KD코드) 비급여점검코드 상한금액	비급여 [상병코드조회] [질병코드집 다운로드]
제품성상	황색의 타원형 당의정 [제형정보 확인]
포장·유통단위	120T, 240T
보관방법	기밀용기, 실온보관(1-30℃)

복약정보

항목

내용

LACTmed 바로가기

[바로가기]

약리작용

유료정보입니다.

복약지도

유료정보입니다.

임부에대한투여

*	전체임신 기간별로 여러등급이 존재할 수 있으며 가장 위험도가 높은 정보만 보여집니다. 단, 복합제의 경우 모든 복합제성분에 대한 임부투여등급이 표시된것은 절대 아니며 표시된것중에 가장 위험도가 높은 정보만 나타납니다.

FDA : A등급
(ascorbic acid;hydroxocobalamin;pyridoxine;riboflavin; )

*	상기 임부투여에 대한 정보는 전산처리 되면서 입력 오류 가능성이 존재합니다. 오류 가능성을 최소화하기 위하여 많은 노력을 기울이고 있으나, 그 정확성에 대하여 확신을 드릴 수 없습니다. 이에 대해 회사는 책임을 지지 않습니다.
*	반드시 공신력 있는 문헌을 다시 한번 참고 하시기 바라며 의사 또는 약사의 판단에 따라 투여여부가 결정되어야 합니다.

Pharmacokinetics

유료정보입니다.

병용금기 및 연령대금기 근거조회

[병용금기 및 연령대금기 근거조회]

보관상 주의

조제시 주의

심사정보

항목	내용
DUR 관련 고시	[병용연령금기 의약품 / 임부금기 의약품 / 비용효과적 함량 의약품 / 안전성 관련 급여중지 의약품]

학술정보

항목	내용
DUR (의약품사용평가)	병용금기 : 고시된 병용금기 내용은 없습니다. [상호작용/병용금기검색] 연령대금기 : 고시된 연령금기 내용은 없습니다. [연령대금기상세검색]
독성정보	Ascorbic Acid에 대한 독성정보 : 정보보기 Calcium에 대한 독성정보 : 정보보기 Pyridoxine에 대한 독성정보 : 정보보기 Riboflavin에 대한 독성정보 : 정보보기 출처: 국립독성과학원 독성물질정보DB : http://www.nitr.go.kr/nitr/contents/m134200/view.do
Mechanism of Action	calcium에 대한 Mechanism_Of_Action 정보 Calcium plays a vital role in the anatomy, physiology and biochemistry of organisms and of the cell, particularly in signal transduction pathways. More than 500 human proteins are known to bind or transport calcium. The skeleton acts as a major mineral storage site for the element and releases Ca2+ ions into the bloodstream under controlled conditions. Circulating calcium is either in the free, ionized form or bound to blood proteins such as serum albumin. Parathyroid hormone (secreted from the parathyroid gland) regulates the resorption of Ca2+ from bone. Calcitonin stimulates incorporation of calcium in bone, although this process is largely independent of calcitonin. Although calcium flow to and from the bone is neutral, about 5 mmol is turned over a day. Bone serves as an important storage point for calcium, as it contains 99% of the total body calcium. Low calcium intake may also be a risk factor in the development of osteoporosis. The best-absorbed form of calcium from a pill is a calcium salt like carbonate or phosphate. Calcium gluconate and calcium lactate are absorbed well by pregnant women. Seniors absorb calcium lactate, gluconate and citrate better unless they take their calcium supplement with a full breakfast. The currently recommended calcium intake is 1,500 milligrams per day for women not taking estrogen and 800 milligrams per day for women on estrogen. There is close to 300 milligrams of calcium in one cup of fluid milk. Calcium carbonate is currently the best and least expensive form of calcium supplement available. Hydroxocobalamin에 대한 Mechanism_Of_Action 정보 Vitamin B12 exists in four major forms referred to collectively as cobalamins; deoxyadenosylcobalamin, methylcobalamin, hydroxocobalamin, and cyanocobalamin. Two of these, methylcobalamin and 5-deoxyadenosyl cobalamin, are primarily used by the body. Methionine synthase needs methylcobalamin as a cofactor. This enzyme is involved in the conversion of the amino acid homocysteine into methionine. Methionine in turn is required for DNA methylation. 5-Deoxyadenosyl cobalamin is a cofactor needed by the enzyme that converts L-methylmalonyl-CoA to succinyl-CoA. This conversion is an important step in the extraction of energy from proteins and fats. Furthermore, succinyl CoA is necessary for the production of hemoglobin, the substances that carries oxygen in red blood cells. Pyridoxine에 대한 Mechanism_Of_Action 정보 Vitamin B6 is the collective term for a group of three related compounds, pyridoxine (PN), pyridoxal (PL) and pyridoxamine (PM), and their phosphorylated derivatives, pyridoxine 5'-phosphate (PNP), pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) and pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate (PMP). Although all six of these compounds should technically be referred to as vitamin B6, the term vitamin B6 is commonly used interchangeably with just one of them, pyridoxine. Vitamin B6, principally in the form of the coenzyme pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, is involved in a wide range of biochemical reactions, including the metabolism of amino acids and glycogen, the synthesis of nucleic acids, hemogloblin, sphingomyelin and other sphingolipids, and the synthesis of the neurotransmitters serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Riboflavin에 대한 Mechanism_Of_Action 정보 Binds to riboflavin hydrogenase, riboflavin kinase, and riboflavin synthase. Riboflavin is the precursor of flavin mononucleotide (FMN, riboflavin monophosphate) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD). The antioxidant activity of riboflavin is principally derived from its role as a precursor of FAD and the role of this cofactor in the production of the antioxidant reduced glutathione. Reduced glutathione is the cofactor of the selenium-containing glutathione peroxidases among other things. The glutathione peroxidases are major antioxidant enzymes. Reduced glutathione is generated by the FAD-containing enzyme glutathione reductase. Ginseng에 대한 Mechanism_Of_Action 정보 Not Available
Pharmacology	Hydroxocobalamin에 대한 Pharmacology 정보 Hydroxocobalamin is a synthetic, injectable form of Vitamin B12. Hydroxocobalamin is actually a precursor of two cofactors or vitamins (Vitamin B12 and Methylcobalamin) which are involved in various biological systems in man. Vitamin B12 is required for the conversion of methylmalonate to succinate. Deficiency of this enzyme could therefore interfere with the production of lipoprotein in myelin sheath tissue and so give rise to neurological lesions. The second cofactor, Methylcobalamin, is necessary for the conversion of homocysteine to methionine which is essential for the metabolism of folic acid. Deficiency of tetrahydrafolate leads to reduced synthesis of thymidylate resulting in reduced synthesis of DNA which is essential for cell maturation. Vitamin B12 is also concerned in the maintenance of sulphydryl groups in reduced form, deficiency leading to decreased amounts of reduced SH content of erythrocytes and liver cells. Overall, vitamin B12 acts as a coenzyme for various metabolic functions, including fat and carbohydrate metabolism and protein synthesis. It is necessary for growth, cell replication, hematopoiesis, and nucleoprotein as well as myelin synthesis. This is largely due to its effects on metabolism of methionine folic acid, and malonic acid. Pyridoxine에 대한 Pharmacology 정보 Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) is a water-soluble vitamin used in the prophylaxis and treatment of vitamin B6 deficiency and peripheral neuropathy in those receiving isoniazid (isonicotinic acid hydrazide, INH). Vitamin B6 has been found to lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure in a small group of subjects with essential hypertension. Hypertension is another risk factor for atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. Another study showed pyridoxine hydrochloride to inhibit ADP- or epinephrine-induced platelet aggregation and to lower total cholesterol levels and increase HDL-cholesterol levels, again in a small group of subjects. Vitamin B6, in the form of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, was found to protect vascular endothelial cells in culture from injury by activated platelets. Endothelial injury and dysfunction are critical initiating events in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Human studies have demonstrated that vitamin B6 deficiency affects cellular and humoral responses of the immune system. Vitamin B6 deficiency results in altered lymphocyte differentiation and maturation, reduced delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) responses, impaired antibody production, decreased lymphocyte proliferation and decreased interleukin (IL)-2 production, among other immunologic activities. Riboflavin에 대한 Pharmacology 정보 Riboflavin or vitamin B2 is an easily absorbed, water-soluble micronutrient with a key role in maintaining human health. Like the other B vitamins, it supports energy production by aiding in the metabolising of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins. Vitamin B2 is also required for red blood cell formation and respiration, antibody production, and for regulating human growth and reproduction. It is essential for healthy skin, nails, hair growth and general good health, including regulating thyroid activity. Riboflavin also helps in the prevention or treatment of many types of eye disorders, including some cases of cataracts. Ginseng에 대한 Pharmacology 정보 Not Available
Metabolism	Hydroxocobalamin에 대한 Metabolism 정보 # Phase_1_Metabolizing_Enzyme:Not Available Pyridoxine에 대한 Metabolism 정보 # Phase_1_Metabolizing_Enzyme:Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase Riboflavin에 대한 Metabolism 정보 # Phase_1_Metabolizing_Enzyme:Monoamine oxidase type A (MAO-A)Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase Ginseng에 대한 Metabolism 정보 # Phase_1_Metabolizing_Enzyme:Cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1)
Protein Binding	Hydroxocobalamin에 대한 단백결합 정보 Very high (90%). Cobalamins are extensively bound to two specific plasma proteins called transcobalamin 1 and 2; 70% to transcobalamin 1, 5% to transcobalamin 2. Pyridoxine에 대한 단백결합 정보 22% Riboflavin에 대한 단백결합 정보 60%
Half-life	Hydroxocobalamin에 대한 반감기 정보 Approximately 6 days (peak plasma concentration after 8-12 hours from oral administration) Pyridoxine에 대한 반감기 정보 15-20 days Riboflavin에 대한 반감기 정보 66-84 minutes Ginseng에 대한 반감기 정보 Not Available
Absorption	Hydroxocobalamin에 대한 Absorption 정보 Readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, except in malabsorption syndromes. Vitamin B12 is absorbed in the lower half of the ileum. Pyridoxine에 대한 Absorption 정보 The B vitamins are readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, except in malabsorption syndromes. Pyridoxine is absorbed mainly in the jejunum. Riboflavin에 대한 Absorption 정보 Vitamin B2 is readily absorbed from the upper gastrointestinal tract. Ginseng에 대한 Absorption 정보 Not Available
Pharmacokinetics	Ascorbic Acid의 약물동력학자료 흡수 : 소장에서 거의 완전히 흡수된다. 흡수는 능동수송을 통해 이루어지며 용량의존적이라 여겨진다. (고용량에서 흡수 포화) 분포 : 널리 분포 단백결합 : 약 25% 대사 : 간에서 산화 및 황산 포합 등으로 대사된다. 반감기 : 16일 고용량 투여시 : 3.4 시간 혈중최고농도 도달시간 : 정상 성인 : 2-3 시간 소실 : 주 배설 경로는 신장 및 담즙이다. 신배설은 용량의존적으로, 투여량이 증가하면 신배설량 및 속도가 증가한다. Dibasic calcium phosphate의 약물동력학자료 흡수 : 위장관을 통해 이온화 형태로 흡수되며 비타민 D가 필요 ; 산성에서 흡수증가 생체내이용률 : 4-45 % ; 제제마다 다르다. 음식물의 영향 : 칼슘흡수(10-30 %)증가 섬유소가 많은 음식은 위장관 배출시간을 지체시켜 칼슘흡수를 저하시킴 분포 : 태반통과; 유즙분비 체내 99%가 뼈에 저장 단백결합 : 45 % 소실 : 흡수되지 않은 칼슘은 주로 변으로 배설 신배설 : 20 % (50-300 mg/day) Riboflavin tetrabutyrate의 약물동력학자료 흡수 : 위장관으로부터 잘 흡수된다. 음식물에 의해 흡수양이 증가한다. 간염, 간경화, 담관폐색이 있는 환자에서 흡수가 감소한다. 분포 : 체내 모든 조직에 널리 분포한다. 반감기 : 초기 상 : 1.4 시간 말기 상 : 14시간 소실 : 미변화체로 신배설되는 양은 약 9%이다. Pyridoxine HCl의 약물동력학자료 흡수 : 위장관으로부터 잘 흡수된다. 대사 : 간에서 4-pyridoxic acid로 대사된다. 반감기 : 15-20일 혈중최고농도 도달시간 : 경구 : 1.25 시간 소실 : 4-pyridoxic acid로 신배설되며, 소량 (약 2%)은 담즙을 통해 배설된다. Retinol palmitate dried의 약물동력학자료 흡수 : Retinol은 소장에서 흡수되며 retinoic acid는 문맥을 통해 전신적으로 흡수된다. 생리적 보충량의 용량 이하에서는 잘 흡수된다. 유화 제제보다 수용성 제제가 보다 신속하게 흡수된다. 고용량, 지질 흡수장애, 저단백식이, 간질환, 췌장 질환에서는 흡수가 저하된다. 림프의 chylomicrons에 의해 간으로 수송된다. 분포 : 간에 고농도로 저장된다. (약 2년 동안의 요구량이 간에 저장됨) 유즙 분비 RBP (retinol-binding protein)에 결합된 retinol의 형태로 간으로부터 운반된다. 대사 : glucuronide 포합, 장간순환 소실 : 담즙을 통해 대변으로 배설된다. Hydroxocobalamin acetate의 약물동력학자료 흡수 : 경구 투여시 소장 원위부로부터 불규칙적으로 흡수된다. 능동 흡수에는 IF와의 복합체 형성이 필수적이며, 장관벽을 통해 수동 흡수도 가능하다. 위, 회장에 구조적 손상이나 기능적 손상이 있는 경우 흡수가 감소한다. 분포 : 위에서 위점막에 의해 분비되는 당단백인 IF (intrinsic factor)에 결합한다. 장관 점막세포 내에서 vitamin B₁₂-IF 복합체로부터 vitamin B₁₂가 유리된 후, 혈액 내에서 주로 특이적인 β-globulin 수송단백질인 transcobalamin II와 결합한다. 간, 골수 및 태반을 포함한 기타 조직으로 분포하며, 주로 간 (50-90%)에 저장된다. 단백결합 : 주로 transcobalamin II와 결합하며, 소량은 transcobalamin I (α-glycoprotein의 일종) 및 transcobalamin III (inter-α-glycoprotein의 일종)과 결합한다. 대사 : 장간순환 소실 : Vitamin B₁₂를 투여받고 있지 않는 정상인 : 많은 양이 담즙 배설 후 장간순환한다. 일일 turnover rate : 체내 총저장량의 0.05-0.2% (범위 : 0.4-8 μg) 일일 신배설량은 대개 0.25 μg 이하 Vitamin B₁₂를 투여받는 경우 : 0.1-1 mg 근육주사 또는 정맥주사 후 48시간 이내에 50-90%가 신배설된다.
Biotransformation	Hydroxocobalamin에 대한 Biotransformation 정보 Primarily hepatic. Cobalamins are absorbed in the ileum and stored in the liver. They continuously undergo enterohepatic recycling via secretion in the bile. Part of a dose is excreted in the urine, most of it in the first 8 hours. Riboflavin에 대한 Biotransformation 정보 Hepatic. Ginseng에 대한 Biotransformation 정보 Not Available
Toxicity	Hydroxocobalamin에 대한 Toxicity 정보 Not Available Pyridoxine에 대한 Toxicity 정보 Oral Rat LD₅₀ = 4 gm/kg. Toxic effects include convulsions, dyspnea, hypermotility, diarrhea, ataxia and muscle weakness. Riboflavin에 대한 Toxicity 정보 Not Available Ginseng에 대한 Toxicity 정보 Not Available
Drug Interactions	calcium에 대한 Drug_Interactions 정보 Alendronate Formation of non-absorbable complexesAmprenavir The antiacid decreases the absorption of amprenavirAtazanavir This gastric pH modifier decreases the levels/effects of atazanavirChloroquine The antiacid decreases the absorption of chloroquineCiprofloxacin Formation of non-absorbable complexesDapsone Formation of non-absorbable complexesDelavirdine The antiacid decreases the effect of delavirdineDemeclocycline Formation of non-absorbable complexesDoxycycline Formation of non-absorbable complexesEnoxacin Formation of non-absorbable complexesFosamprenavir The antiacid decreases the absorption of amprenavirGrepafloxacin Formation of non-absorbable complexesIbandronate Formation of non-absorbable complexesIndinavir The antiacid decreases the absorption of indinavirItraconazole The antacid decreases the effect of the imidazoleKetoconazole The antacid decreases the effect of the imidazoleLevofloxacin Formation of non-absorbable complexesLevothyroxine Calcium decreases absorption of levothyroxineLomefloxacin Formation of non-absorbable complexesMethacycline Formation of non-absorbable complexesMinocycline Formation of non-absorbable complexesMoxifloxacin Formation of non-absorbable complexesNorfloxacin Formation of non-absorbable complexesOfloxacin Formation of non-absorbable complexesOxytetracycline Formation of non-absorbable complexesPefloxacin Formation of non-absorbable complexesPolystyrene sulfonate Formation of non-absorbable complexesRisedronate Formation of non-absorbable complexesTetracycline Formation of non-absorbable complexesTrovafloxacin Formation of non-absorbable complexesClodronate Formation of non-absorbable complexesEtidronic acid Formation of non-absorbable complexesMycophenolate mofetil Formation of non-absorbable complexesTemafloxacin Formation of non-absorbable complexes Hydroxocobalamin에 대한 Drug_Interactions 정보 Alfentanil The macrolide increases the effect and toxicity of alfentanilAlprazolam The macrolide increases the effect of the benzodiazepineAminophylline The macrolide increases the effect and toxicity of theophyllineAmiodarone Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmiasAnisindione The macrolide increases anticoagulant effectAprepitant This CYP3A4 inhibitor increases effect and toxicity of aprepitantAstemizole Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmiasAtorvastatin The macrolide possibly increases the statin toxicityBretylium Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arryhthmiasBromocriptine Erythromycin increases serum levels of bromocriptineBuspirone The macrolide increases the effect and toxicity of buspironeCabergoline Erythromycin increases serum levels and toxicity of cabergolineCarbamazepine The macrolide increases the effect of carbamazepineCerivastatin The macrolide possibly increases the statin toxicityCilostazol Erythromycin increases the effect of cilostazolCinacalcet This macrolide increases the serum levels and toxicity of cinacalcetCisapride Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmiasCitalopram Possible serotoninergic syndrome with this combinationClozapine Erythromycin increases the effect of clozapineColchicine Severe colchicine toxicity can occurCyclosporine The macrolide increases the effect of cyclosporineDiazepam The macrolide increases the effect of the benzodiazepineDicumarol The macrolide increases anticoagulant effectDigoxin The macrolide increases the effect of digoxin in 10% of patientsDihydroergotamine Possible ergotism and severe ischemia with this combinationDihydroergotoxine Possible ergotism and severe ischemia with this combinationDyphylline The macrolide increases the effect and toxicity of theophyllineDisopyramide Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmiasDivalproex sodium Erythromycin increases the effect of valproic acidDocetaxel The agent increases the serum levels and toxicity of docetaxelDofetilide Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmiasEletriptan The macrolide increases the effect and toxicity of eletriptanEplerenone This CYP3A4 inhibitor increases the effect and toxicity of eplerenoneErgotamine Possible ergotism and severe ischemia with this combinationErlotinib This CYP3A4 inhibitor increases levels/toxicity of erlotinibImatinib The macrolide increases levels of imatinibFelodipine Erythromycin increases the effect of felodipineFluoxetine Possible serotoninergic syndrome with this combinationGefitinib This CYP3A4 inhibitor increases levels/toxicity of gefitinibGrepafloxacin Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmiasItraconazole The macrolide increases the effect and toxicity of itraconazoleLevofloxacin Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmiasMesoridazine Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmiasMethylergonovine Possible ergotism and severe ischemia with this combinationLovastatin The macrolide possibly increases the statin toxicityMethylprednisolone The macrolide increases the effect of corticosteroidMethysergide Possible ergotism and severe ischemia with this combinationMidazolam The macrolide increases the efect of the benzodiazepineMoxifloxacin Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmiasOxtriphylline The macrolide increases the effect and toxicity of theophyllinePimozide Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmiasQuetiapine This macrolide increases the effect/toxicity of quetiapineQuinidine Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmiasQuinidine barbiturate Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmiasQuinupristin This combination presents an increased risk of toxicityRanolazine Increased levels of ranolazine - risk of toxicityRepaglinide This macrolide increases effect of repaglinideRifabutin The rifamycin decreases the effect of the macrolideRifampin The rifamycin decreases the effect of the macrolideRitonavir Increased toxicity of both agentsSertraline Possible serotoninergic syndrome with this combinationSibutramine Erythromycin increases the effect and toxicity of sibutramineSildenafil The macrolide increases the effect and toxicity of sildenafilSimvastatin The macrolide possibly increases the statin toxicitySirolimus The macrolide increases sirolimus levelsSotalol Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmiasSparfloxacin Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmiasTacrolimus Erythromycin increases the effect and toxicity of tacrolimusTerfenadine Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmiasTheophylline The macrolide increases the effect and toxicity of theophyllineThioridazine Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmiasVerapamil Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmiasTriazolam The macrolide increases the effect of the benzodiazepineVardenafil The macrolide increases the effect and toxicity of vardenafilVinblastine Erythromycin increases vinblastine toxicityWarfarin The macrolide increases anticoagulant effectZafirlukast Erythromycin decreases the effect of zafirlukastErgonovine Possible ergotism and severe ischemia with this combinationEverolimus The macrolide increases everolimus levels/toxicityLincomycin Possible antagonism of action with this combinationAcenocoumarol The macrolide increases anticoagulant effect Pyridoxine에 대한 Drug_Interactions 정보 Not Available Riboflavin에 대한 Drug_Interactions 정보 Not Available Ginseng에 대한 Drug_Interactions 정보 Amphetamine Decreased anorexic effect, may increase psychotic symptomsBenzphetamine Decreased anorexic effect, may increase psychotic symptomsDexfenfluramine Decreased anorexic effect, may increase psychotic symptomsDiethylpropion Decreased anorexic effect, may increase psychotic symptomsFenfluramine Decreased anorexic effect, may increase psychotic symptomsMazindol Decreased anorexic effect, may increase psychotic symptomsMethamphetamine Decreased anorexic effect, may increase psychotic symptomsPhendimetrazine Decreased anorexic effect, may increase psychotic symptomsDextroamphetamine Decreased anorexic effect, may increase psychotic symptomsPhenmetrazine Decreased anorexic effect, may increase psychotic symptomsPhentermine Decreased anorexic effect, may increase psychotic symptomsPhenylpropanolamine Decreased anorexic effect, may increase psychotic symptomsTranylcypromine Possible severe adverse reaction with this combinationPhenelzine Possible severe adverse reaction with this combinationIsocarboxazid Possible severe adverse reaction with this combinationPargyline Possible severe adverse reaction with this combinationBromocriptine The phenothiazine decreases the effect of bromocriptineCisapride Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmiasGatifloxacin Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmiasGrepafloxacin Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmiasGuanethidine he agent decreases the effect of guanethidineLevofloxacin Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmiasTerfenadine Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmiasSparfloxacin Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmiasRivastigmine Possible antagonism of actionDonepezil Possible antagonism of actionGalantamine Possible antagonism of actionMetrizamide Increased risk of convulsions
CYP450 Drug Interaction	[CYP450 Table직접조회]
Food Interaction	Hydroxocobalamin에 대한 Food Interaction 정보 Not Available Ginseng에 대한 Food Interaction 정보 Not Available
Drug Target	[Drug Target]
Description	calcium에 대한 Description 정보 Calcium plays a vital role in the anatomy, physiology and biochemistry of organisms and of the cell, particularly in signal transduction pathways. The skeleton acts as a major mineral storage site for the element and releases Ca2+ ions into the bloodstream under controlled conditions. Circulating calcium is either in the free, ionized form or bound to blood proteins such as serum albumin. Although calcium flow to and from the bone is neutral, about 5 mmol is turned over a day. Bone serves as an important storage point for calcium, as it contains 99% of the total body calcium. Low calcium intake may also be a risk factor in the development of osteoporosis. The best-absorbed form of calcium from a pill is a calcium salt like carbonate or phosphate. Calcium gluconate and calcium lactate are absorbed well by pregnant women. Seniors absorb calcium lactate, gluconate and citrate better unless they take their calcium supplement with a full breakfast. Hydroxocobalamin에 대한 Description 정보 Injectable form of vitamin B 12 that has been used therapeutically to treat vitamin B 12 deficiency. [PubChem] Pyridoxine에 대한 Description 정보 The 4-methanol form of vitamin B 6 which is converted to pyridoxal phosphate which is a coenzyme for synthesis of amino acids, neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine), sphingolipids, aminolevulinic acid. Although pyridoxine and Vitamin B 6 are still frequently used as synonyms, especially by medical researchers, this practice is erroneous and sometimes misleading (EE Snell; Ann NY Acad Sci, vol 585 pg 1, 1990). [PubChem] Riboflavin에 대한 Description 정보 Nutritional factor found in milk, eggs, malted barley, liver, kidney, heart, and leafy vegetables. The richest natural source is yeast. It occurs in the free form only in the retina of the eye, in whey, and in urine; its principal forms in tissues and cells are as flavin mononucleotide and flavin-adenine dinucleotide. [PubChem] Ginseng에 대한 Description 정보 Ginseng is promoted as an adaptogen (a product that increases the body's resistance to stress), one which can to a certain extent be supported with reference to its anticarcinogenic and antioxidant properties. Ginseng is also known to contain phytoestrogens.
Dosage Form	calcium에 대한 Dosage_Form 정보 Capsule OralLiquid DentalLiquid IntravenousLiquid OralLiquid SublingualPaste DentalPowder OralPowder, for solution OralSolution IntramuscularSolution IntravenousSolution OralSolution / drops OralSyrup OralTablet OralTablet, chewable Oral Hydroxocobalamin에 대한 Dosage_Form 정보 Liquid IntramuscularSolution Oral Pyridoxine에 대한 Dosage_Form 정보 Liquid IntramuscularSolution IntramuscularSolution / drops OralTablet Oral Riboflavin에 대한 Dosage_Form 정보 Not Available Ginseng에 대한 Dosage_Form 정보 Capsule OralLiquid OralSolution / drops OralTablet Oral
Drug Category	Hydroxocobalamin에 대한 Drug_Category 정보 Anti-anemic AgentsHematinicsNutritional SupplementVitamin B Complex Pyridoxine에 대한 Drug_Category 정보 Anti-inflammatory AgentsEssential VitaminVitamin B ComplexVitamins (Vitamin B Complex) Riboflavin에 대한 Drug_Category 정보 Photosensitizing AgentsRadiation-Sensitizing AgentsVitamin B ComplexVitamins (Vitamin B Complex) Ginseng에 대한 Drug_Category 정보 Not Available
Smiles String Canonical	calcium에 대한 Smiles_String_canonical 정보 Not Available Hydroxocobalamin에 대한 Smiles_String_canonical 정보 O.[Co++].CC(CNC(=O)CCC1(C)C(CC(N)=O)C2[N-]C1=C(C)C1=NC(=CC3=NC(=C(C)C4=NC2(C)C(C)(CC(N)=O)C4CCC(N)=O)C(C)(CC(N)=O)C3CCC(N)=O)C(C)(C)C1CCC(N)=O)OP([O-])(=O)OC1C(CO)OC(C1O)N1C=NC2=C1C=C(C)C(C)=C2 Pyridoxine에 대한 Smiles_String_canonical 정보 CC1=NC=C(CO)C(CO)=C1O Riboflavin에 대한 Smiles_String_canonical 정보 CC1=CC2=C(C=C1C)N(CC(O)C(O)C(O)CO)C1=NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=N2 Ginseng에 대한 Smiles_String_canonical 정보 Not Available
Smiles String Isomeric	calcium에 대한 Smiles_String_isomeric 정보 Not Available Hydroxocobalamin에 대한 Smiles_String_isomeric 정보 O.[Co++].C[C@H](CNC(=O)CC[C@]1(C)[C@@H](CC(N)=O)[C@H]2[N-]\C1=C(C)/C1=N/C(=C\C3=N\C(=C(C)/C4=N[C@]2(C)[C@@](C)(CC(N)=O)[C@@H]4CCC(N)=O)[C@@](C)(CC(N)=O)[C@@H]3CCC(N)=O)C(C)(C)[C@@H]1CCC(N)=O)O[P@]([O-])(=O)O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]([C@@H]1O)N1C=NC2=C1C=C(C)C(C)=C2 Pyridoxine에 대한 Smiles_String_isomeric 정보 CC1=NC=C(CO)C(CO)=C1O Riboflavin에 대한 Smiles_String_isomeric 정보 CC1=CC2=C(C=C1C)N(C[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)CO)C1=NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=N2 Ginseng에 대한 Smiles_String_isomeric 정보 Not Available
InChI Identifier	calcium에 대한 InChI_Identifier 정보 Not Available Hydroxocobalamin에 대한 InChI_Identifier 정보 InChI=1/C62H90N13O14P.Co.H2O/c1-29-20-39-40(21-30(29)2)75(28-70-39)57-52(84)53(41(27-76)87-57)89-90(85,86)88-31(3)26-69-49(83)18-19-59(8)37(22-46(66)80)56-62(11)61(10,25-48(68)82)36(14-17-45(65)79)51(74-62)33(5)55-60(9,24-47(67)81)34(12-15-43(63)77)38(71-55)23-42-58(6,7)35(13-16-44(64)78)50(72-42)32(4)54(59)73-56;;/h20-21,23,28,31,34-37,41,52-53,56-57,76,84H,12-19,22,24-27H2,1-11H3,(H15,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,71,72,73,74,77,78,79,80,81,82,83,85,86);;1H2/q;+2;/p-2/t31-,34-,35-,36-,37+,41-,52-,53-,56-,57+,59-,60+,61+,62+;;/m1../s1/fC62H88N13O14P.Co.H2O/h69H,63-68H2;;/q-2;m;/b42-23-,54-32-,55-33-;; Pyridoxine에 대한 InChI_Identifier 정보 InChI=1/C8H11NO3/c1-5-8(12)7(4-11)6(3-10)2-9-5/h2,10-12H,3-4H2,1H3 Riboflavin에 대한 InChI_Identifier 정보 InChI=1/C17H20N4O6/c1-7-3-9-10(4-8(7)2)21(5-11(23)14(25)12(24)6-22)15-13(18-9)16(26)20-17(27)19-15/h3-4,11-12,14,22-25H,5-6H2,1-2H3,(H,20,26,27)/t11-,12+,14-/m1/s1/f/h20H Ginseng에 대한 InChI_Identifier 정보 Not Available
Chemical IUPAC Name	calcium에 대한 Chemical_IUPAC_Name 정보 Not Available Hydroxocobalamin에 대한 Chemical_IUPAC_Name 정보 Hydroxocobalamin Pyridoxine에 대한 Chemical_IUPAC_Name 정보 4,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridin-3-ol Riboflavin에 대한 Chemical_IUPAC_Name 정보 7,8-dimethyl-10-[(2R,3R,4S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxypentyl]benzo[g]pteridine-2,4-dione Ginseng에 대한 Chemical_IUPAC_Name 정보 Not Available

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