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                    ÇѼÇìÆÄµðÇÁÁֻ砠HEPADIF INJ. HANSEO[Adenosine , Antitoxic liver extract , Carnitine HCl , Carnitine orotate , Cyanocobalamin , Pyridoxine HCl]  
                    
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    391  (°£ÀåÁúȯ¿ëÁ¦                                                    )
      
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    | µ¶¼ºÁ¤º¸ | 
    Adenosine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ µ¶¼ºÁ¤º¸ : Á¤º¸º¸±â 
Cyanocobalamin¿¡ ´ëÇÑ µ¶¼ºÁ¤º¸ : Á¤º¸º¸±â 
Pyridoxine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ µ¶¼ºÁ¤º¸ : Á¤º¸º¸±â 
  Ãâó: ±¹¸³µ¶¼º°úÇпø µ¶¼º¹°ÁúÁ¤º¸DB : http://www.nitr.go.kr/nitr/contents/m134200/view.do  | 
   
  
   
    | Mechanism of Action | 
    
       Adenosine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Mechanism_Of_Action Á¤º¸ Adenosine slows conduction time through the A-V node, can interrupt the reentry pathways through the A-V node, and can restore normal sinus rhythm in patients with paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT), including PSVT associated with Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome.
  Cyanocobalamin¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Mechanism_Of_Action Á¤º¸ Vitamin B12 is used in the body in two forms: Methylcobalamin and 5-deoxyadenosyl cobalamin. The enzyme methionine synthase needs methylcobalamin as a cofactor. This enzyme is involved in the conversion of the amino acid homocysteine into methionine. Methionine in turn is required for DNA methylation. 5-Deoxyadenosyl cobalamin is a cofactor needed by the enzyme that converts L-methylmalonyl-CoA to succinyl-CoA. This conversion is an important step in the extraction of energy from proteins and fats. Furthermore, succinyl CoA is necessary for the production of hemoglobin, the substances that carries oxygen in red blood cells.
  Pyridoxine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Mechanism_Of_Action Á¤º¸ Vitamin B6 is the collective term for a group of three related compounds, pyridoxine (PN), pyridoxal (PL) and pyridoxamine (PM), and their phosphorylated derivatives, pyridoxine 5'-phosphate (PNP), pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) and pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate (PMP). Although all six of these compounds should technically be referred to as vitamin B6, the term vitamin B6 is commonly used interchangeably with just one of them, pyridoxine. Vitamin B6, principally in the form of the coenzyme pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, is involved in a wide range of biochemical reactions, including the metabolism of amino acids and glycogen, the synthesis of nucleic acids, hemogloblin, sphingomyelin and other sphingolipids, and the synthesis of the neurotransmitters serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). 
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    | Pharmacology | 
     
       Adenosine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Pharmacology Á¤º¸ Adenosine is an endogenous nucleoside occurring in all cells of the body and is not chemically related to other antiarrhythmic drugs. Adenosine is indicated for the conversion to sinus rhythm of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT), including that associated with accessory bypass tracts (Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome). Adenosine is antagonized competitively by methylxanthines such as caffeine and theophylline, and potentiated by blockers of nucleoside transport such as dipyridamole. Adenosine is not blocked by atropine.
  Cyanocobalamin¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Pharmacology Á¤º¸ Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B12) is a water-soluble organometallic compound with a trivalent cobalt ion bound inside a corrin ring. It is needed for nerve cells and red blood cells, and to make DNA. Vitamin B12 deficiency is the cause of several forms of anemia.
  Pyridoxine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Pharmacology Á¤º¸ Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) is a water-soluble vitamin used in the prophylaxis and treatment of vitamin B6 deficiency and peripheral neuropathy in those receiving isoniazid (isonicotinic acid hydrazide, INH). Vitamin B6 has been found to lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure in a small group of subjects with essential hypertension. Hypertension is another risk factor for atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. Another study showed pyridoxine hydrochloride to inhibit ADP- or epinephrine-induced platelet aggregation and to lower total cholesterol levels and increase HDL-cholesterol levels, again in a small group of subjects. Vitamin B6, in the form of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, was found to protect vascular endothelial cells in culture from injury by activated platelets. Endothelial injury and dysfunction are critical initiating events in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Human studies have demonstrated that vitamin B6 deficiency affects cellular and humoral responses of the immune system. Vitamin B6 deficiency results in altered lymphocyte differentiation and maturation, reduced delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) responses, impaired antibody production, decreased lymphocyte proliferation and decreased interleukin (IL)-2 production, among other immunologic activities. 
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    | Metabolism | 
    
       Adenosine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Metabolism Á¤º¸ # Phase_1_Metabolizing_Enzyme:Adenosine deaminaseAdenosine kinase
  Cyanocobalamin¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Metabolism Á¤º¸ # Phase_1_Metabolizing_Enzyme:Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase
  Pyridoxine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Metabolism Á¤º¸ # Phase_1_Metabolizing_Enzyme:Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 
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    | Protein Binding | 
    
       Cyanocobalamin¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ´Ü¹é°áÇÕ Á¤º¸ Very high (to specific plasma proteins called transcobalamins); binding of hydroxocobalamin is slightly higher than cyanocobalamin.
  Pyridoxine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ´Ü¹é°áÇÕ Á¤º¸ 22% 
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    | Half-life | 
    
       Adenosine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹Ý°¨±â Á¤º¸ Less than 10 secs
  Cyanocobalamin¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹Ý°¨±â Á¤º¸ Approximately 6 days (400 days in the liver).
  Pyridoxine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹Ý°¨±â Á¤º¸ 15-20 days 
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    | Absorption | 
    
       Adenosine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Absorption Á¤º¸ Not Available
  Cyanocobalamin¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Absorption Á¤º¸ Readily absorbed in the lower half of the ileum.
  Pyridoxine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Absorption Á¤º¸ The B vitamins are readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, except in malabsorption syndromes. Pyridoxine is absorbed mainly in the jejunum. 
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    | Biotransformation | 
    
       Adenosine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Biotransformation Á¤º¸ Intracellular adenosine is rapidly metabolized either via phosphorylation to adenosine monophosphate by adenosine kinase, or via deamination to inosine by adenosine deaminase in the cytosol.
  Cyanocobalamin¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Biotransformation Á¤º¸ Hepatic 
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    | Toxicity | 
    
       Adenosine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Toxicity Á¤º¸ Not Available
  Cyanocobalamin¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Toxicity Á¤º¸ Anaphylactic reaction (skin rash, itching, wheezing)-after parenteral administration. ORL-MUS LD50 > 8000 mg/kg
  Pyridoxine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Toxicity Á¤º¸ Oral Rat LD50 = 4 gm/kg. Toxic effects include convulsions, dyspnea, hypermotility, diarrhea, ataxia and muscle weakness. 
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    | Drug Interactions | 
    
       Adenosine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Drug_Interactions Á¤º¸ Aminophylline	This xanthine decreases the effect of adenosineDipyridamole	Dipyridamole increases the effect/toxicity of adenosineDyphylline	This xanthine decreases the effect of adenosineTheophylline	This xanthine decreases the effect of adenosineDyphylline	This xanthine decreases the effect of adenosineOxtriphylline	This xanthine decreases the effect of adenosineTheophylline	This xanthine decreases the effect of adenosine
  Cyanocobalamin¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Drug_Interactions Á¤º¸ Not Available
  Pyridoxine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Drug_Interactions Á¤º¸ Not Available 
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    CYP450  Drug Interaction | 
    
      [CYP450 TableÁ÷Á¢Á¶È¸] 
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    | Food Interaction | 
    
       Adenosine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Food Interaction Á¤º¸ Avoid caffeine containing foods and drinks. 
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    | Drug Target | 
    
      
      [Drug Target]
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    | Description | 
    
       Adenosine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Description Á¤º¸ A nucleoside that is composed of adenine and d-ribose. Adenosine or adenosine derivatives play many important biological roles in addition to being components of DNA and RNA. Adenosine itself is a neurotransmitter. [PubChem]
  Cyanocobalamin¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Description Á¤º¸ Cyanocobalamin (commonly known as Vitamin B12) is the most chemically complex of all the vitamins. Cyanocobalamin's structure is based on a corrin ring, which, although similar to the porphyrin ring found in heme, chlorophyll, and cytochrome, has two of the pyrrole rings directly bonded. The central metal ion is Co (cobalt). Cyanocobalamin cannot be made by plants or by animals, as the only type of organisms that have the enzymes required for the synthesis of cyanocobalamin are bacteria and archaea. Higher plants do not concentrate cyanocobalamin from the soil and so are a poor source of the substance as compared with animal tissues. Cyanocobalamin is naturally found in foods including meat (especially liver and shellfish), eggs, and milk products. [HMDB]
  Pyridoxine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Description Á¤º¸ The 4-methanol form of vitamin B 6 which is converted to pyridoxal phosphate which is a coenzyme for synthesis of amino acids, neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine), sphingolipids, aminolevulinic acid.  Although pyridoxine and Vitamin B 6 are still frequently used as synonyms, especially by medical researchers, this practice is erroneous and sometimes misleading (EE Snell; Ann NY Acad Sci, vol 585 pg 1, 1990). [PubChem] 
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    | Dosage Form | 
    
       Adenosine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Dosage_Form Á¤º¸ Liquid	IntravenousSolution	Intravenous
  Cyanocobalamin¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Dosage_Form Á¤º¸ Capsule	OralLiquid	IntramuscularLiquid	OralPowder	OralSolution	IntramuscularTablet	OralTablet, extended release	Oral
  Pyridoxine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Dosage_Form Á¤º¸ Liquid	IntramuscularSolution	IntramuscularSolution / drops	OralTablet	Oral 
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    | Drug Category | 
    
       Adenosine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Drug_Category Á¤º¸ AnalgesicsAnti-Arrhythmia AgentsAntiarrhythmic AgentsCardiac drugsVasodilator Agents
  Cyanocobalamin¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Drug_Category Á¤º¸ Antianemic AgentsEssential VitaminVitamins (Vitamin B Complex)
  Pyridoxine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Drug_Category Á¤º¸ Anti-inflammatory AgentsEssential VitaminVitamin B ComplexVitamins (Vitamin B Complex) 
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    | Smiles String Canonical | 
    
       Adenosine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Smiles_String_canonical Á¤º¸ NC1=C2N=CN(C3OC(CO)C(O)C3O)C2=NC=N1
  Cyanocobalamin¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Smiles_String_canonical Á¤º¸ [Co+3].[C-]
  Pyridoxine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Smiles_String_canonical Á¤º¸ CC1=NC=C(CO)C(CO)=C1O 
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    | Smiles String Isomeric | 
    
       Adenosine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Smiles_String_isomeric Á¤º¸ NC1=C2N=CN([C@@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H]3O)C2=NC=N1
  Cyanocobalamin¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Smiles_String_isomeric Á¤º¸ [Co+3].[C-]
  Pyridoxine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Smiles_String_isomeric Á¤º¸ CC1=NC=C(CO)C(CO)=C1O 
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    | InChI Identifier | 
    
       Adenosine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ InChI_Identifier Á¤º¸ InChI=1/C10H13N5O4/c11-8-5-9(13-2-12-8)15(3-14-5)10-7(18)6(17)4(1-16)19-10/h2-4,6-7,10,16-18H,1H2,(H2,11,12,13)/t4-,6-,7-,10-/m1/s1/f/h11H2
  Cyanocobalamin¿¡ ´ëÇÑ InChI_Identifier Á¤º¸ InChI=1/C62H90N13O14P.CN.Co/c1-29-20-39-40(21-30(29)2)75(28-70-39)57-52(84)53(41(27-76)87-57)89-90(85,86)88-31(3)26-69-49(83)18-19-59(8)37(22-46(66)80)56-62(11)61(10,25-48(68)82)36(14-17-45(65)79)51(74-62)33(5)55-60(9,24-47(67)81)34(12-15-43(63)77)38(71-55)23-42-58(6,7)35(13-16-44(64)78)50(72-42)32(4)54(59)73-56;1-2;/h20-21,23,28,31,34-37,41,52-53,56-57,76,84H,12-19,22,24-27H2,1-11H3,(H15,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,71,72,73,74,77,78,79,80,81,82,83,85,86);;/q;-1;+3/p-1/t31?,34-,35-,36-,37+,41+,52?,53?,56?,57+,59-,60+,61+,62+;;/m1../s1/fC62H89N13O14P.CN.Co/h69,85H,63-68H2;;/q-1;2m/b42-23-,54-32-,55-33-;;
  Pyridoxine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ InChI_Identifier Á¤º¸ InChI=1/C8H11NO3/c1-5-8(12)7(4-11)6(3-10)2-9-5/h2,10-12H,3-4H2,1H3 
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    | Chemical IUPAC Name | 
    
       Adenosine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Chemical_IUPAC_Name Á¤º¸ (2R,3R,4S,5R)-2-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-3,4-diol
  Cyanocobalamin¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Chemical_IUPAC_Name Á¤º¸ Not Available
  Pyridoxine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Chemical_IUPAC_Name Á¤º¸ 4,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridin-3-ol 
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    | Drug-Induced Toxicity Related Proteins | 
    
      ADENOSINE ÀÇ Drug-Induced Toxicity Related ProteinÁ¤º¸ Replated Protein:Protein tyrosine phosphatase Drug:adenosine Toxicity:apoptosis.  [¹Ù·Î°¡±â] Replated Protein:Adenosine deaminase Drug:adenosine Toxicity:ADA immunodeficiency (SCID).  [¹Ù·Î°¡±â] Replated Protein:Mitogen-activated protein kinase 11  Drug:adenosine Toxicity:tactile allodynia.  [¹Ù·Î°¡±â] 
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  The database contains the following fields: The generic name of each chemical For module A10 (liver enzyme composite module): Overall activity category for each compound (A for active, M for marginally active, or I for inactive) based on the number of active and marginally active scores for each compound at the five individual endpoints (see research article for full description of method) Number of endpoints at which each compound is marginally active (M) Number of endpoints at which each compound is active (A) For modules A11 to A15 (alkaline phosphatase increased, SGOT increased, SGPT increased, LDH increased, and GGT increased, respectively): Overall activity category for each compound (A for active, M for marginally active, or I for inactive) based on the RI and ADR values (see the research article for full description of method) Number of ADR reports for each compound, given as <4 or ¡Ã4 Reporting Index value for each compound, except where no shipping units were available (NSU) Group 1 comprises of compounds for which ADR data were available for the first five years of marketing, so when no ADR reports were listed during this period the compounds were evaluated as inactive. Group 2 comprises of compounds for which a 'steady state' period of ADR data were available (1992-1996). In cases where no ADR reports were filed during this period, the compounds were scored as 'NA' (data not available) since they may have had one or more ADR reports during their first five years of marketing which should not be negated by a lack of ADR reports during the steady-state period. ADENOSINE[GGT Increase][Composite Activity](Score)  I(Marginal)  0(Active)  0[Alkaline Phosphatase Increase](Activity Score)  I(Number of Rpts)  <4(Index value)  0[SGOT Increase](Activity Score)  I(Number of Rpts)  <4(Index value)  0[SGPT Increase](Activity Score)  I(Number of Rpts)  <4(Index value)  0[LDH Increase](Activity Score)  I(Number of Rpts)  <4(Index value)  0[GGT Increase](Activity Score)  I(Number of Rpts)  <4(Index value)  0
 
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