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| Pharmacokinetics |
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| Mechanism of Action |
Carmustine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Mechanism_Of_Action Á¤º¸ Carmustine causes cross-links in DNA and RNA, leading to the inhibition of DNA synthesis, RNA production and RNA translation (protein synthesis). Carmustine also binds to and modifies (carbamoylates) glutathione reductase. This leads to cell death.
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| Pharmacology |
Carmustine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Pharmacology Á¤º¸ Carmustine is one of the nitrosoureas indicated as palliative therapy as a single agent or in established combination therapy with other approved chemotherapeutic agents in treatment of brain tumors, multiple myeloma, Hodgkin's disease, and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Although it is generally agreed that carmustine alkylates DNA and RNA, it is not cross resistant with other alkylators. As with other nitrosoureas, it may also inhibit several key enzymatic processes by carbamoylation of amino acids in proteins.
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| Protein Binding |
Carmustine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ´Ü¹é°áÇÕ Á¤º¸ 80%
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| Half-life |
Carmustine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹Ý°¨±â Á¤º¸ 15-30 minutes
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| Absorption |
Carmustine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Absorption Á¤º¸ 5 to 28% bioavailability
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| Pharmacokinetics |
CarmustineÀÇ ¾à¹°µ¿·ÂÇÐÀÚ·á
- Áö¿ë¼ºÀÌ ³ôÀ½
- ºÐÆ÷ :
³úÇ÷°üÀ庮À» ½±°Ô Åë°úÇϸç, À¯ÁóÀ¸·Îµµ ºÐºñÇÑ´Ù.
³úô¼ö¾× : Ç÷Áß³óµµÀÇ 15-70 %
- Vd : 2.59 L/kg
- ¹Ý°¨±â : ÀÌ»ó¼º
- Ãʱ⠹ݰ¨±â : 1.4ºÐ
- ÀÌÂ÷ ¹Ý°¨±â :
º» ¾à¹° : 20ºÐ
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- ¼Ò½Ç : ´¢¹è¼³ (60-70 %), ´ëº¯ (1%), È£Èí (6-10%)
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| Biotransformation |
Carmustine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Biotransformation Á¤º¸ Hepatic and rapid with active metabolites. Metabolites may persist in the plasma for several days.
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| Toxicity |
Carmustine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Toxicity Á¤º¸ The oral LD50s in rat and mouse are 20 mg/kg and 45 mg/kg, respectively. Side effects include leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, nausea. Toxic effects include pulmonary fibrosis (20-0%) and bone marrow toxicity.
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| Drug Interactions |
Carmustine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Drug_Interactions Á¤º¸ Not Available
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CYP450 Drug Interaction |
[CYP450 TableÁ÷Á¢Á¶È¸]
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| Food Interaction |
Carmustine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Food Interaction Á¤º¸ Not Available
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| Drug Target |
[Drug Target]
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| Description |
Carmustine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Description Á¤º¸ A cell-cycle phase nonspecific alkylating antineoplastic agent. It is used in the treatment of brain tumors and various other malignant neoplasms. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p462) This substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen according to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985). (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
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| Dosage Form |
Carmustine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Dosage_Form Á¤º¸ Powder, for solution IntravenousWafer Intralesional
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| Drug Category |
Carmustine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Drug_Category Á¤º¸ Antineoplastic AgentsAntineoplastic Agents, Alkylating
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| Smiles String Canonical |
Carmustine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Smiles_String_canonical Á¤º¸ ClCCNC(=O)N(CCCl)N=O
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| Smiles String Isomeric |
Carmustine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Smiles_String_isomeric Á¤º¸ ClCCNC(=O)N(CCCl)N=O
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| InChI Identifier |
Carmustine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ InChI_Identifier Á¤º¸ InChI=1/C5H9Cl2N3O2/c6-1-3-8-5(11)10(9-12)4-2-7/h1-4H2,(H,8,11)/f/h8H
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| Chemical IUPAC Name |
Carmustine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Chemical_IUPAC_Name Á¤º¸ 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea
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| Drug-Induced Toxicity Related Proteins |
CARMUSTINE ÀÇ Drug-Induced Toxicity Related ProteinÁ¤º¸ Replated Protein:Methylated-DNA--protein-cysteine methyltransferase Drug:Carmustine Toxicity:Response of glioma. [¹Ù·Î°¡±â]
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The database contains the following fields: The generic name of each chemical For module A10 (liver enzyme composite module): Overall activity category for each compound (A for active, M for marginally active, or I for inactive) based on the number of active and marginally active scores for each compound at the five individual endpoints (see research article for full description of method) Number of endpoints at which each compound is marginally active (M) Number of endpoints at which each compound is active (A) For modules A11 to A15 (alkaline phosphatase increased, SGOT increased, SGPT increased, LDH increased, and GGT increased, respectively): Overall activity category for each compound (A for active, M for marginally active, or I for inactive) based on the RI and ADR values (see the research article for full description of method) Number of ADR reports for each compound, given as <4 or ¡Ã4 Reporting Index value for each compound, except where no shipping units were available (NSU) Group 1 comprises of compounds for which ADR data were available for the first five years of marketing, so when no ADR reports were listed during this period the compounds were evaluated as inactive. Group 2 comprises of compounds for which a 'steady state' period of ADR data were available (1992-1996). In cases where no ADR reports were filed during this period, the compounds were scored as 'NA' (data not available) since they may have had one or more ADR reports during their first five years of marketing which should not be negated by a lack of ADR reports during the steady-state period. CARMUSTINE[GGT Increase][Composite Activity](Score) NA(Marginal) 0(Active) 1[Alkaline Phosphatase Increase](Activity Score) NA(Number of Rpts) NA(Index value) NA[SGOT Increase](Activity Score) NA(Number of Rpts) NA(Index value) NA[SGPT Increase](Activity Score) NA(Number of Rpts) NA(Index value) NA[LDH Increase](Activity Score) A(Number of Rpts) ¡Ã4(Index value) 14.6[GGT Increase](Activity Score) NA(Number of Rpts) NA(Index value) NA
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