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[Drugbank ÀÇ ¼ººÐÁ¤º¸¿¶÷] [Sparfloxacin]
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| Related FDA Approved Drug |
±âÁØ ¼ººÐ: SPARFLOXACINZAGAM (SPARFLOXACIN)
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| Mechanism of Action |
Sparfloxacin¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Mechanism_Of_Action Á¤º¸ The bactericidal action of sparfloxacin results from inhibition of the enzymes topoisomerase II (DNA gyrase) and topoisomerase IV, which are required for bacterial DNA replication, transcription, repair, and recombination.
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| Pharmacology |
Sparfloxacin¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Pharmacology Á¤º¸ Sparfloxacin is a synthetic fluoroquinolone broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent in the same class as ofloxacin and norfloxacin. Sparfloxacin has in vitro activity against a wide range of gram-negative and gram-positive microorganisms. Sparfloxacin exerts its antibacterial activity by inhibiting DNA gyrase, a bacterial topoisomerase. DNA gyrase is an essential enzyme which controls DNA topology and assists in DNA replication, repair, deactivation, and transcription. Quinolones differ in chemical structure and mode of action from (beta)-lactam antibiotics. Quinolones may, therefore, be active against bacteria resistant to (beta)-lactam antibiotics. Although cross-resistance has been observed between sparfloxacin and other fluoroquinolones, some microorganisms resistant to other fluoroquinolones may be susceptible to sparfloxacin. In vitro tests show that the combination of sparfloxacin and rifampin is antagonistic against Staphylococcus aureus.
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| Protein Binding |
Sparfloxacin¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ´Ü¹é°áÇÕ Á¤º¸ Low plasma protein binding in serum at about 45%.
|
| Half-life |
Sparfloxacin¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹Ý°¨±â Á¤º¸ Mean terminal elimination half-life of 20 hours (range 16-30 hours). Prolonged in patients with renal impairment (creatinine clearance <50 mL/min).
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| Absorption |
Sparfloxacin¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Absorption Á¤º¸ Well absorbed following oral administration with an absolute oral bioavailability of 92%. Unaffected by administration with milk or food, however concurrent administration of antacids containing magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide reduces the oral bioavailability of sparfloxacin by as much as 50%.
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| Pharmacokinetics |
SparfloxacinÀÇ ¾à¹°µ¿·ÂÇÐÀÚ·á
- Èí¼ö : °æ±¸ : À½½Ä¹°ÀÌ ¾à¹° Èí¼ö¿¡ ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÄ¡Áö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.
- »ýü³»ÀÌ¿ë·ü : 92%
- »ýü³»ÀÌ¿ë·ü : 50-80%
- ºÐÆ÷ :
- ü³»¿¡ ³Î¸® ºÐÆ÷
- ºÐÆ÷¿ëÀû : 3.1-4.7 L/kg
- ´Ü¹é°áÇÕ : 45%
- ´ë»ç : °£¿¡¼ glucuronidation µÈ´Ù.
- ¹Ý°¨±â : 16-30 ½Ã°£
- Ç÷ÁßÃÖ°í³óµµ µµ´Þ½Ã°£ : °æ±¸ : 0.5-6 ½Ã°£
- ¼Ò½Ç : 50%°¡ ½Å¹è¼³, 50%°¡ º¯¹è¼³
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| Biotransformation |
Sparfloxacin¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Biotransformation Á¤º¸ Hepatic. Metabolized primarily by phase II glucuronidation to form a glucuronide conjugate. Metabolism does not utilize or interfere with the cytochrome P450 enzyme system.
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| Toxicity |
Sparfloxacin¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Toxicity Á¤º¸ Single doses of sparfloxacin were relatively non-toxic via the oral route of administration in mice, rats, and dogs. No deaths occurred within a 14-day post-treatment observation period at the highest oral doses tested, up to 5000 mg/kg in either rodent species, or up to 600 mg/kg in the dog. Clinical signs observed included inactivity in mice and dogs, diarrhea in both rodent species, and vomiting, salivation, and tremors in dogs.
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| Drug Interactions |
Sparfloxacin¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Drug_Interactions Á¤º¸ Not Available
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CYP450 Drug Interaction |
[CYP450 TableÁ÷Á¢Á¶È¸]
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| Drug Target |
[Drug Target]
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| Description |
Sparfloxacin¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Description Á¤º¸ Sparfloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic used in the treatment of bacterial infections. Sparfloxacin exerts its antibacterial activity by inhibiting DNA gyrase, a bacterial topoisomerase. DNA gyrase is an essential enzyme which controls DNA topology and assists in DNA replication, repair, deactivation, and transcription.
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| Dosage Form |
Sparfloxacin¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Dosage_Form Á¤º¸ Tablet, film coated Oral
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| Drug Category |
Sparfloxacin¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Drug_Category Á¤º¸ Antitubercular Agents
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| Smiles String Canonical |
Sparfloxacin¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Smiles_String_canonical Á¤º¸ CC1CN(CC(C)N1)C1=C(F)C(N)=C2C(=O)C(=CN(C3CC3)C2=C1F)C(O)=O
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| Smiles String Isomeric |
Sparfloxacin¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Smiles_String_isomeric Á¤º¸ C[C@H]1CN(C[C@@H](C)N1)C1=C(F)C(N)=C2C(=O)C(=CN(C3CC3)C2=C1F)C(O)=O
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| InChI Identifier |
Sparfloxacin¿¡ ´ëÇÑ InChI_Identifier Á¤º¸ InChI=1/C19H22F2N4O3/c1-8-5-24(6-9(2)23-8)17-13(20)15(22)12-16(14(17)21)25(10-3-4-10)7-11(18(12)26)19(27)28/h7-10,23H,3-6,22H2,1-2H3,(H,27,28)/t8-,9+/f/h27H
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| Chemical IUPAC Name |
Sparfloxacin¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Chemical_IUPAC_Name Á¤º¸ 5-amino-1-cyclopropyl-7-[(3S,5R)-3,5-dimethylpiperazin-1-yl]-6,8-difluoro-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid
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ÀüÈ: 02-3486-1061 ¤Ó À̸ÞÀÏ: webmaster@druginfo.co.kr
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The database contains the following fields: The generic name of each chemical For module A10 (liver enzyme composite module): Overall activity category for each compound (A for active, M for marginally active, or I for inactive) based on the number of active and marginally active scores for each compound at the five individual endpoints (see research article for full description of method) Number of endpoints at which each compound is marginally active (M) Number of endpoints at which each compound is active (A) For modules A11 to A15 (alkaline phosphatase increased, SGOT increased, SGPT increased, LDH increased, and GGT increased, respectively): Overall activity category for each compound (A for active, M for marginally active, or I for inactive) based on the RI and ADR values (see the research article for full description of method) Number of ADR reports for each compound, given as <4 or ¡Ã4 Reporting Index value for each compound, except where no shipping units were available (NSU) Group 1 comprises of compounds for which ADR data were available for the first five years of marketing, so when no ADR reports were listed during this period the compounds were evaluated as inactive. Group 2 comprises of compounds for which a 'steady state' period of ADR data were available (1992-1996). In cases where no ADR reports were filed during this period, the compounds were scored as 'NA' (data not available) since they may have had one or more ADR reports during their first five years of marketing which should not be negated by a lack of ADR reports during the steady-state period. SPARFLOXACIN[GGT Increase][Composite Activity](Score) I(Marginal) 0(Active) 0[Alkaline Phosphatase Increase](Activity Score) I(Number of Rpts) <4(Index value) 0[SGOT Increase](Activity Score) I(Number of Rpts) <4(Index value) 0[SGPT Increase](Activity Score) I(Number of Rpts) <4(Index value) 0[LDH Increase](Activity Score) I(Number of Rpts) <4(Index value) 0[GGT Increase](Activity Score) I(Number of Rpts) <4(Index value) 0
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