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µ¥Å彺Á¤ [Calcium pantothenate , Chlorpheniramine Maleate , D-biotin , Nicotinamide , Orotic acid , Taurine]
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ÀϹÝÀǾàǰ | »èÁ¦
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µå·°ÀÎÆ÷¿¡¼´Â ÀǾàǰ ÀÎÅÍ³Ý ÆÇ¸Å¸¦ ÇÏÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù. |
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À¯·áȸ¿ø °áÀç½Ã¿¡´Â º¸´Ù ´Ù¾çÇÑ ¾à¹°Á¤º¸¸¦
ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ½Ç ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
À¯·áÁ¤º¸¸ñ·ÏÀº Àü¹®È¸¿øÀ¸·Î
·Î±×ÀÎ ÇϽøé È®ÀÎ °¡´ÉÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
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| Ç׸ñ |
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û±¸ÄÚµå(KDÄÚµå) ºñ±Þ¿©Á¡°ËÄÚµå »óÇÑ±Ý¾× |
670701360[A33001231]
[º¸ÇèÄڵ忡 µû¸¥ ¾àǰ±âº»Á¤º¸ Á÷Á¢Á¶È¸]
\0 ¿ø/1Á¤(2005.03.01)(ÇöÀç¾à°¡)
\27 ¿ø/1Á¤(2001.07.13)(º¯°æÀü¾à°¡)
[»óº´ÄÚµåÁ¶È¸]
[Áúº´ÄÚµåÁ¶È¸]
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[Çã°¡»çÇ× ¿ø¹®Á¶È¸]
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[ÀûÀÀÁõ º° °Ë»ö]
µÎµå·¯±â, ½ÀÁø, ¾Ë·¹¸£±â¼º ÇǺÎÁúȯ, ¾à¹°Áßµ¶ÀÇ º¸Á¶¿ä¹ý, ¾ËÄÚ¿Ã Áßµ¶
[Drugbank ÀÇ ¼ººÐÁ¤º¸¿¶÷] [Biotin][Chlorpheniramine]
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* Àý´ë ÀÓÀǺ¹¿ëÇÏÁö ¸¶½Ã°í ¹Ýµå½Ã ÀÇ»ç ¶Ç´Â ¾à»ç¿Í »ó´ãÇϽñ⠹ٶø´Ï´Ù.
[󹿾à¾î]
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¼ºÀÎ 1ȸ 2Á¤, 1ÀÏ 1-2ȸ º¹¿ëÇÑ´Ù. ¿¬·É Áõ»ó¿¡ µû¶ó ÀûÀýÈ÷ Áõ°¨ÇÑ´Ù.
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Á¤½Å½Å°æ°è: ½Å°æ°ú¹Î, µÎÅë, ÃÊÁ¶°¨, º¹½Ã, Á¹À½ µîÀÌ ¿Ã ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
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| Related FDA Approved Drug |
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»ó±â ÀÓºÎÅõ¿©¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¤º¸´Â Àü»êó¸® µÇ¸é¼ ÀÔ·Â ¿À·ù °¡´É¼ºÀÌ Á¸ÀçÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¿À·ù °¡´É¼ºÀ» ÃÖ¼ÒÈÇϱâ À§ÇÏ¿© ¸¹Àº ³ë·ÂÀ» ±â¿ïÀ̰í ÀÖÀ¸³ª, ±× Á¤È®¼º¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© È®½ÅÀ» µå¸± ¼ö ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ¿¡ ´ëÇØ ȸ»ç´Â Ã¥ÀÓÀ» ÁöÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù.
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| Pharmacokinetics |
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[º´¿ë±Ý±â ¹× ¿¬·É´ë±Ý±â ±Ù°ÅÁ¶È¸]
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| º¸°ü»ó ÁÖÀÇ |
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| DUR (ÀǾàǰ»ç¿ëÆò°¡) |
º´¿ë±Ý±â :
°í½ÃµÈ º´¿ë±Ý±â ³»¿ëÀº ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù.
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| µ¶¼ºÁ¤º¸ |
Biotin¿¡ ´ëÇÑ µ¶¼ºÁ¤º¸ : Á¤º¸º¸±â
Calcium¿¡ ´ëÇÑ µ¶¼ºÁ¤º¸ : Á¤º¸º¸±â
Chlorpheniramine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ µ¶¼ºÁ¤º¸ : Á¤º¸º¸±â
Nicotinamide¿¡ ´ëÇÑ µ¶¼ºÁ¤º¸ : Á¤º¸º¸±â
Ãâó: ±¹¸³µ¶¼º°úÇпø µ¶¼º¹°ÁúÁ¤º¸DB : http://www.nitr.go.kr/nitr/contents/m134200/view.do |
| Mechanism of Action |
Calcium¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Mechanism_Of_Action Á¤º¸ Calcium plays a vital role in the anatomy, physiology and biochemistry of organisms and of the cell, particularly in signal transduction pathways. More than 500 human proteins are known to bind or transport calcium. The skeleton acts as a major mineral storage site for the element and releases Ca2+ ions into the bloodstream under controlled conditions. Circulating calcium is either in the free, ionized form or bound to blood proteins such as serum albumin. Parathyroid hormone (secreted from the parathyroid gland) regulates the resorption of Ca2+ from bone. Calcitonin stimulates incorporation of calcium in bone, although this process is largely independent of calcitonin. Although calcium flow to and from the bone is neutral, about 5 mmol is turned over a day. Bone serves as an important storage point for calcium, as it contains 99% of the total body calcium. Low calcium intake may also be a risk factor in the development of osteoporosis. The best-absorbed form of calcium from a pill is a calcium salt like carbonate or phosphate. Calcium gluconate and calcium lactate are absorbed well by pregnant women. Seniors absorb calcium lactate, gluconate and citrate better unless they take their calcium supplement with a full breakfast. The currently recommended calcium intake is 1,500 milligrams per day for women not taking estrogen and 800 milligrams per day for women on estrogen. There is close to 300 milligrams of calcium in one cup of fluid milk. Calcium carbonate is currently the best and least expensive form of calcium supplement available.
Chlorpheniramine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Mechanism_Of_Action Á¤º¸ Chlorpheniramine binds to the histamine H1 receptor. This blocks the action of endogenous histamine, which subsequently leads to temporary relief of the negative symptoms brought on by histamine.
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| Pharmacology |
Chlorpheniramine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Pharmacology Á¤º¸ In allergic reactions an allergen interacts with and cross-links surface IgE antibodies on mast cells and basophils. Once the mast cell-antibody-antigen complex is formed, a complex series of events occurs that eventually leads to cell-degranulation and the release of histamine (and other chemical mediators) from the mast cell or basophil. Once released, histamine can react with local or widespread tissues through histamine receptors. Histamine, acting on H1-receptors, produces pruritis, vasodilatation, hypotension, flushing, headache, tachycardia, and bronchoconstriction. Histamine also increases vascular permeability and potentiates pain. Chlorpheniramine, is a histamine H1 antagonist (or more correctly, an inverse histamine agonist) of the alkylamine class. It competes with histamine for the normal H1-receptor sites on effector cells of the gastrointestinal tract, blood vessels and respiratory tract. It provides effective, temporary relief of sneezing, watery and itchy eyes, and runny nose due to hay fever and other upper respiratory allergies.
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| Metabolism |
Chlorpheniramine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Metabolism Á¤º¸ # Phase_1_Metabolizing_Enzyme:Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6)
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| Protein Binding |
Chlorpheniramine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ´Ü¹é°áÇÕ Á¤º¸ 72%
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| Half-life |
Chlorpheniramine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹Ý°¨±â Á¤º¸ 21-27 hours
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| Absorption |
Chlorpheniramine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Absorption Á¤º¸ Well absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract.
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| Pharmacokinetics |
Calcium pantothenateÀÇ ¾à¹°µ¿·ÂÇÐÀÚ·á
- Èí¼ö : °æ±¸ : Àß Èí¼öµÈ´Ù.
- ¼Ò½Ç : ¾à 70%´Â ¹Ìº¯Èü·Î ¼Òº¯À» ÅëÇØ, ¾à 30%´Â ´ëº¯À» ÅëÇØ ¹è¼³µÈ´Ù.
NicotinamideÀÇ ¾à¹°µ¿·ÂÇÐÀÚ·á
- ÀÛ¿ë¹ßÇö½Ã°£ : pellagra : 24½Ã°£
- Èí¼ö : À§Àå°üÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ½Å¼ÓÇÏ°Ô Èí¼öµÈ´Ù.
- ºÐÆ÷ :
- ¸ðµç Á¶Á÷À¸·Î ½Å¼ÓÇÏ°Ô ºÐÆ÷ÇÑ´Ù.
- ÅÂ¾Æ ¹× ½Å»ý¾Æ¿¡¼ÀÇ ³óµµ°¡ ¸ðüÀÇ ³óµµº¸´Ù ³ô´Ù.
- ´ë»ç : °£´ë»ç
- Nicotinamide´Â »ýü ³»¿¡¼ niacinÀÇ ´ë»ç·ÎºÎÅÍ Çü¼ºµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
- Dietrich pathway¸¦ ÅëÇØ È¿¼ÒÀûÀ¸·Î NAD ¹× NADP·Î ÀüȯµÈ´Ù.
- ¹Ý°¨±â : 45ºÐ
- Ç÷ÁßÃÖ°í³óµµ µµ´Þ½Ã°£ : 20-70ºÐ
- ¼Ò½Ç : ¿ë·®ÀÇÁ¸ÀûÀ¸·Î ¹Ìº¯Èü ¹× ´ë»çü·Î¼ ½Å¹è¼³µÈ´Ù. (»ý¸®Àû ¿ë·®¿¡¼´Â ¼Ò·®¸¸ÀÌ ¹Ìº¯Èü·Î ½Å¹è¼³µÇ³ª °í¿ë·® Åõ¿©½Ã ÁÖ·Î ¹Ìº¯Èü·Î ½Å¹è¼³µÈ´Ù.)
D-biotinÀÇ ¾à¹°µ¿·ÂÇÐÀÚ·á
- Èí¼ö : À§Àå°ü¿¡¼ ½Å¼ÓÈ÷ Èí¼öµÊ
- ´Ü¹é°áÇÕ : ³ôÀ½, avidin¿¡ °áÇÕÇÏ¸é ºÒȰ¼ºÈµÊ
- ºÐÆ÷ : À¯ÁóºÐºñµÊ
- ¹è¼³ : °úµµÇÏ°Ô Åõ¿©µÈ °æ¿ì biotin ÀÚü ¶Ç´Â ´ë»çü·Î ´¢¹è¼³µÊ
Chlorpheniramine MaleateÀÇ ¾à¹°µ¿·ÂÇÐÀÚ·á
- ´Ü¹é°áÇÕ : 69-72%
- ´ë»ç : °£´ë»ç
- ¹Ý°¨±â : 20-24 ½Ã°£
- ¼Ò½Ç : ´ë»çü, ¾à¹°(3-4%)ÀÌ ½Å¹è¼³µÇ¸ç, 48½Ã°£³»¿¡ ÀüüÀÇ 35%°¡ ¼Ò½ÇµÈ´Ù.
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| Biotransformation |
Chlorpheniramine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Biotransformation Á¤º¸ Primarily hepatic via Cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes.
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| Toxicity |
Chlorpheniramine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Toxicity Á¤º¸ LD50 = 306 mg/kg in humans, mild reproductive toxin to women of childbearing age.
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| Drug Interactions |
Calcium¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Drug_Interactions Á¤º¸ Alendronate Formation of non-absorbable complexesAmprenavir The antiacid decreases the absorption of amprenavirAtazanavir This gastric pH modifier decreases the levels/effects of atazanavirChloroquine The antiacid decreases the absorption of chloroquineCiprofloxacin Formation of non-absorbable complexesDapsone Formation of non-absorbable complexesDelavirdine The antiacid decreases the effect of delavirdineDemeclocycline Formation of non-absorbable complexesDoxycycline Formation of non-absorbable complexesEnoxacin Formation of non-absorbable complexesFosamprenavir The antiacid decreases the absorption of amprenavirGrepafloxacin Formation of non-absorbable complexesIbandronate Formation of non-absorbable complexesIndinavir The antiacid decreases the absorption of indinavirItraconazole The antacid decreases the effect of the imidazoleKetoconazole The antacid decreases the effect of the imidazoleLevofloxacin Formation of non-absorbable complexesLevothyroxine Calcium decreases absorption of levothyroxineLomefloxacin Formation of non-absorbable complexesMethacycline Formation of non-absorbable complexesMinocycline Formation of non-absorbable complexesMoxifloxacin Formation of non-absorbable complexesNorfloxacin Formation of non-absorbable complexesOfloxacin Formation of non-absorbable complexesOxytetracycline Formation of non-absorbable complexesPefloxacin Formation of non-absorbable complexesPolystyrene sulfonate Formation of non-absorbable complexesRisedronate Formation of non-absorbable complexesTetracycline Formation of non-absorbable complexesTrovafloxacin Formation of non-absorbable complexesClodronate Formation of non-absorbable complexesEtidronic acid Formation of non-absorbable complexesMycophenolate mofetil Formation of non-absorbable complexesTemafloxacin Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Chlorpheniramine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Drug_Interactions Á¤º¸ Donepezil Possible antagonism of actionGalantamine Possible antagonism of actionRivastigmine Possible antagonism of actionEthotoin The antihistamine increases the effect of hydantoinFosphenytoin The antihistamine increases the effect of hydantoinMephenytoin The antihistamine increases the effect of hydantoinPhenytoin The antihistamine increases the effect of hydantoin
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CYP450 Drug Interaction |
[CYP450 TableÁ÷Á¢Á¶È¸] Chlorpheniramine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ P450 table
SUBSTRATES
CYP 2D6
Beta Blockers:
S-metoprolol
propafenone
timolol
Antidepressants:
amitriptyline
clomipramine
desipramine
imipramine
paroxetine
Antipsychotics:
haloperidol
risperidone
thioridazine
aripiprazole
codeine
dextromethorphan
duloxetine
flecainide
mexiletine
ondansetron
tamoxifen
tramadol
venlafaxine
INHIBITORS
CYP 2D6
amiodarone
buproprion
**chlorpheniramine**
cimetidine
clomipramine
duloxetine
fluoxetine
haloperidol
methadone
mibefradil
paroxetine
quinidine
ritonavir
INDUCERS
CYP 2D6
N/A
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| Food Interaction |
Chlorpheniramine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Food Interaction Á¤º¸ Take with food.Avoid alcohol.
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| Drug Target |
[Drug Target]
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| Description |
Calcium¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Description Á¤º¸ Calcium plays a vital role in the anatomy, physiology and biochemistry of organisms and of the cell, particularly in signal transduction pathways. The skeleton acts as a major mineral storage site for the element and releases Ca2+ ions into the bloodstream under controlled conditions. Circulating calcium is either in the free, ionized form or bound to blood proteins such as serum albumin. Although calcium flow to and from the bone is neutral, about 5 mmol is turned over a day. Bone serves as an important storage point for calcium, as it contains 99% of the total body calcium. Low calcium intake may also be a risk factor in the development of osteoporosis. The best-absorbed form of calcium from a pill is a calcium salt like carbonate or phosphate. Calcium gluconate and calcium lactate are absorbed well by pregnant women. Seniors absorb calcium lactate, gluconate and citrate better unless they take their calcium supplement with a full breakfast.
Chlorpheniramine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Description Á¤º¸ A histamine H1 antagonist used in allergic reactions, hay fever, rhinitis, urticaria, and asthma. It has also been used in veterinary applications. One of the most widely used of the classical antihistaminics, it generally causes less drowsiness and sedation than promethazine. [PubChem]
Nicotinamide¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Description Á¤º¸ An important compound functioning as a component of the coenzyme NAD. Its primary significance is in the prevention and/or cure of blacktongue and pellagra. Most animals cannot manufacture this compound in amounts sufficient to prevent nutritional deficiency and it therefore must be supplemented through dietary intake. [PubChem]
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| Dosage Form |
Calcium¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Dosage_Form Á¤º¸ Capsule OralLiquid DentalLiquid IntravenousLiquid OralLiquid SublingualPaste DentalPowder OralPowder, for solution OralSolution IntramuscularSolution IntravenousSolution OralSolution / drops OralSyrup OralTablet OralTablet, chewable Oral
Chlorpheniramine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Dosage_Form Á¤º¸ Syrup OralTablet OralTablet, extended release Oral
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| Drug Category |
Chlorpheniramine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Drug_Category Á¤º¸ Anti-Allergic AgentsAntihistaminesAntipruriticsHistamine H1 Antagonists
Nicotinamide¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Drug_Category Á¤º¸ Vitamin B Complex
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| Smiles String Canonical |
Calcium¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Smiles_String_canonical Á¤º¸ Not Available
Chlorpheniramine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Smiles_String_canonical Á¤º¸ CN(C)CCC(C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1)C1=CC=CC=N1
Nicotinamide¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Smiles_String_canonical Á¤º¸ NC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1
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| Smiles String Isomeric |
Calcium¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Smiles_String_isomeric Á¤º¸ Not Available
Chlorpheniramine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Smiles_String_isomeric Á¤º¸ CN(C)CC[C@H](C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1)C1=CC=CC=N1
Nicotinamide¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Smiles_String_isomeric Á¤º¸ NC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1
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| InChI Identifier |
Calcium¿¡ ´ëÇÑ InChI_Identifier Á¤º¸ Not Available
Chlorpheniramine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ InChI_Identifier Á¤º¸ InChI=1/C16H19ClN2/c1-19(2)12-10-15(16-5-3-4-11-18-16)13-6-8-14(17)9-7-13/h3-9,11,15H,10,12H2,1-2H3
Nicotinamide¿¡ ´ëÇÑ InChI_Identifier Á¤º¸ InChI=1/C6H6N2O/c7-6(9)5-2-1-3-8-4-5/h1-4H,(H2,7,9)/f/h7H2
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| Chemical IUPAC Name |
Calcium¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Chemical_IUPAC_Name Á¤º¸ Not Available
Chlorpheniramine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Chemical_IUPAC_Name Á¤º¸ 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-N,N-dimethyl-3-pyridin-2-ylpropan-1-amine
Nicotinamide¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Chemical_IUPAC_Name Á¤º¸ pyridine-3-carboxamide
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| Drug-Induced Toxicity Related Proteins |
MALEATE ÀÇ Drug-Induced Toxicity Related ProteinÁ¤º¸ Replated Protein:Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 Drug:maleate Toxicity:hepatic injury. [¹Ù·Î°¡±â]
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