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게로비솔주 [D-sorbitol , L-arginine , L-histidine , L-leucine , L-lsoleucine , L-lysine HCl , L-methionine , L-phenylalanine , L-proline ,
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전문의약품 | 삭제
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알림: |
드럭인포에서는 의약품 인터넷 판매를 하지 않습니다. |
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유료회원 결재시에는 보다 다양한 약물정보를
이용하실 수 있습니다.
유료정보목록은 전문회원으로
로그인 하시면 확인 가능합니다.
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 | 허가정보 |
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| 항목 |
내용 |
청구코드(KD코드)
비급여점검코드
상한금액 |
655603650[A03502582]
[보험코드에 따른 약품기본정보 직접조회]
\0 원/500mL/병(2006.07.01)(현재약가)
\9,421 원/500mL/병(2003.01.01)(변경전약가)
[상병코드조회]
[질병코드조회]
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| 빠른조회 |
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| 주성분코드 |
107107BIJ
[동일한 주성분코드를 가진 오리지날 또는 제네릭 의약품 조회]
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| 효능효과 |
[적응증 별 검색]
다음 상태시의 아미노산 보급: 저단백혈증, 저영양상태, 수술전후
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| 용법용량 |
* 절대 임의복용하지 마시고 반드시 의사 또는 약사와 상담하시기 바랍니다.
[처방약어]
○성인 : 총 아미노산으로서 1일 체중 kg 당 1～1.5 g을 최대용량으로 정맥 내 점적주사한다.
○투여속도 : 60분간에 총 아미노산으로서 10 g 정도의 농도가 바람직하며, 1분간 80～130적을 점적주사함을 원칙으로 한다.
소아, 고령자, 단백요구량이 많은 화상환자 등의 경우는 용량 및 주입속도를 조절하여 투여하여야 한다.
단, 1일 최대 투여량은 D-소르비톨로서 100g으로 한다.
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| 금기 |
1) 간성혼수 또는 간성혼수의 우려가 있는 환자
2) 중증 신장애 환자, 고질소혈증 환자
3) 질소이용을 저해하는 대사 장애 환자
4) 소모성 심부전증 환자
5) 폐부종 환자
6) 핍뇨증, 무뇨증 환자
7) 고나트륨혈증과 염소혈증 또는 알칼리증 환자(나트륨이온 및 염소이온 함유 시)
8) 저장성 탈수증 환자(D-소르비톨 또는 자일리톨 함유 시)
9) 락트산 산증, 메칠알코올중독증 환자(D-소르비톨 또는 자일리톨 함유 시)
10) 유전성 과당불내증 환자(D-소르비톨 함유 시)
11) 방실블럭, 중증근무력증 환자(마그네슘이온 함유 시)
12) 심근경색 및 그 병력이 있는 환자
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| 신중투여 |
1) 고도의 산증 환자
2) 울혈성 심부전 환자
3) 나트륨 저류로 인한 부종 환자(나트륨이온 함유 시)
4) 고칼륨혈증, 칼륨 저류 환자(칼륨이온 함유 시)
5) 요붕증 환자(D-소르비톨 함유 시)
6) 간장애, 신장애 환자
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| 이상반응 |
1) 과민반응 : 드물게 발진 등의 증상이 나타날 수 있으며, 이런 경우에는 투여를 중지한다.
2) 소화기계 : 때때로 구역, 구토 등의 증상이 나타날 수 있다.
3) 순환기계 : 때때로 흉부불쾌감, 심계항진, 빠른맥(빈맥), 혈압상승 등의 증상이 나타날 수 있다.
4) 대량급속투여 : 대량 급속 투여할 경우 산증이 나타날 수 있다.
5) 기타 : 가끔 열감, 혈관통, 오한, 발열, 두통, 호흡곤란, 호흡정지, 쇽, 기관지경축, 요로경축이 나타날 수 있다.
6) 말초혈관 확장증이 나타날 수 있다(마그네슘 이온 함유 시).
7) 다음의 대사성 합병증이 나타날 수 있다.
대사성 산증, 저인산혈증, 알칼리증, 고혈당, 당뇨병, 삼투압이뇨 및 탈수증, 반동성 저혈당, 간효소 상승, 비타민 결핍 및 비타민 과잉, 전해질 불균형, 소아 고암모니아혈증
8) 간부전 및 신부전 환자는 BUN의 상승을 일으킬 수 있다.
9) 간부전 환자는 혈청 아미노산 불균형, 대사성 알칼리증, 전신질소혈증, 고암모니아혈증, 지각상실, 혼수 등을 일으킬 수 있다.
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| 상호작용 |
1) 테트라싸이클린과 병용투여 시 수액아미노산의 단백절약 효과를 감소시킬 수 있다.
2) 칼슘염을 정맥 주사하면 마그네슘염을 석출시킨다(마그네슘이온 함유 시).
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| Off-label Usage |
[조회]
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| 정보요약 |
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드럭인포 의약품 요약/상세정보
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| 코드 및 분류정보 |
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| 복약정보 |
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| 항목 |
내용 |
| LACTmed 바로가기 |
[바로가기]
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| 약리작용 |
유료정보입니다.
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| 복약지도 |
유료정보입니다.
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| 임부에대한투여 |
| * |
전체임신 기간별로 여러등급이 존재할 수 있으며 가장 위험도가 높은 정보만 보여집니다. 단, 복합제의 경우 모든 복합제성분에 대한 임부투여등급이 표시된것은 절대 아니며 표시된것중에 가장 위험도가 높은 정보만 나타납니다.
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FDA : C등급
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상기 임부투여에 대한 정보는 전산처리 되면서 입력 오류 가능성이 존재합니다. 오류 가능성을 최소화하기 위하여 많은 노력을 기울이고 있으나, 그 정확성에 대하여 확신을 드릴 수 없습니다. 이에 대해 회사는 책임을 지지 않습니다.
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| * |
반드시 공신력 있는 문헌을 다시 한번 참고 하시기 바라며 의사 또는 약사의 판단에 따라 투여여부가 결정되어야 합니다.
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| 병용금기 및 연령대금기 근거조회 |
[병용금기 및 연령대금기 근거조회]
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| 보관상 주의 |
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| 조제시 주의 |
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| 심사정보 |
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| 학술정보 |
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| 항목 |
내용 |
| DUR (의약품사용평가) |
병용금기 :
고시된 병용금기 내용은 없습니다.
[상호작용/병용금기검색]
연령대금기 :
고시된 연령금기 내용은 없습니다.
[연령대금기상세검색]
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| 독성정보 |
D-Sorbitol에 대한 독성정보 : 정보보기
출처: 국립독성과학원 독성물질정보DB : http://www.nitr.go.kr/nitr/contents/m134200/view.do |
| Mechanism of Action |
L-arginine에 대한 Mechanism_Of_Action 정보
Many of supplemental L-arginine's activities, including its possible anti-atherogenic actions, may be accounted for by its role as the precursor to nitric oxide or NO. NO is produced by all tissues of the body and plays very important roles in the cardiovascular system, immune system and nervous system. NO is formed from L-arginine via the enzyme nitric oxide synthase or synthetase (NOS), and the effects of NO are mainly mediated by 3,'5' -cyclic guanylate or cyclic GMP. NO activates the enzyme guanylate cyclase, which catalyzes the synthesis of cyclic GMP from guanosine triphosphate or GTP. Cyclic GMP is converted to guanylic acid via the enzyme cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase. NOS is a heme-containing enzyme with some sequences similar to cytochrome P-450 reductase. Several isoforms of NOS exist, two of which are constitutive and one of which is inducible by immunological stimuli. The constitutive NOS found in the vascular endothelium is designated eNOS and that present in the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nervous system is designated nNOS. The form of NOS induced by immunological or inflammatory stimuli is known as iNOS. iNOS may be expressed constitutively in select tissues such as lung epithelium. All the nitric oxide synthases use NADPH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) and oxygen (O2) as cosubstrates, as well as the cofactors FAD (flavin adenine dinucleotide), FMN (flavin mononucleotide), tetrahydrobiopterin and heme. Interestingly, ascorbic acid appears to enhance NOS activity by increasing intracellular tetrahydrobiopterin. eNOS and nNOS synthesize NO in response to an increased concentration of calcium ions or in some cases in response to calcium-independent stimuli, such as shear stress. In vitro studies of NOS indicate that the Km of the enzyme for L-arginine is in the micromolar range. The concentration of L-arginine in endothelial cells, as well as in other cells, and in plasma is in the millimolar range. What this means is that, under physiological conditions, NOS is saturated with its L-arginine substrate. In other words, L-arginine would not be expected to be rate-limiting for the enzyme, and it would not appear that supraphysiological levels of L-arginine which could occur with oral supplementation of the amino acid^would make any difference with regard to NO production. The reaction would appear to have reached its maximum level. However, in vivo studies have demonstrated that, under certain conditions, e.g. hypercholesterolemia, supplemental L-arginine could enhance endothelial-dependent vasodilation and NO production.
L-histidine에 대한 Mechanism_Of_Action 정보
Since the actions of supplemental L-histidine are unclear, any postulated mechanism is entirely speculative. However, some facts are known about L-histidine and some of its metabolites, such as histamine and trans-urocanic acid, which suggest that supplemental L-histidine may one day be shown to have immunomodulatory and/or antioxidant activities. Low free histidine has been found in the serum of some rheumatoid arthritis patients. Serum concentrations of other amino acids have been found to be normal in these patients. L-histidine is an excellent chelating agent for such metals as copper, iron and zinc. Copper and iron participate in a reaction (Fenton reaction) that generates potent reactive oxygen species that could be destructive to tissues, including joints.
L-histidine is the obligate precursor of histamine, which is produced via the decarboxylation of the amino acid. In experimental animals, tissue histamine levels increase as the amount of dietary L-histidine increases. It is likely that this would be the case in humans as well. Histamine is known to possess immunomodulatory and antioxidant activity. Suppressor T cells have H2 receptors, and histamine activates them. Promotion of suppressor T cell activity could be beneficial in rheumatoid arthritis. Further, histamine has been shown to down-regulate the production of reactive oxygen species in phagocytic cells, such as monocytes, by binding to the H2 receptors on these cells. Decreased reactive oxygen species production by phagocytes could play antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory roles in such diseases as rheumatoid arthritis.
This latter mechanism is the rationale for the use of histamine itself in several clinical trials studying histamine for the treatment of certain types of cancer and viral diseases. In these trials, down-regulation by histamine of reactive oxygen species formation appears to inhibit the suppression of natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes, allowing these cells to be more effective in attacking cancer cells and virally infected cells.
L-leucine에 대한 Mechanism_Of_Action 정보
This group of essential amino acids are identified as the branched-chain amino acids, BCAAs. Because this arrangement of carbon atoms cannot be made by humans, these amino acids are an essential element in the diet. The catabolism of all three compounds initiates in muscle and yields NADH and FADH2 which can be utilized for ATP generation. The catabolism of all three of these amino acids uses the same enzymes in the first two steps. The first step in each case is a transamination using a single BCAA aminotransferase, with a-ketoglutarate as amine acceptor. As a result, three different a-keto acids are produced and are oxidized using a common branched-chain a-keto acid dehydrogenase, yielding the three different CoA derivatives. Subsequently the metabolic pathways diverge, producing many intermediates. The principal product from valine is propionylCoA, the glucogenic precursor of succinyl-CoA. Isoleucine catabolism terminates with production of acetylCoA and propionylCoA; thus isoleucine is both glucogenic and ketogenic. Leucine gives rise to acetylCoA and acetoacetylCoA, and is thus classified as strictly ketogenic. There are a number of genetic diseases associated with faulty catabolism of the BCAAs. The most common defect is in the branched-chain a-keto acid dehydrogenase. Since there is only one dehydrogenase enzyme for all three amino acids, all three a-keto acids accumulate and are excreted in the urine. The disease is known as Maple syrup urine disease because of the characteristic odor of the urine in afflicted individuals. Mental retardation in these cases is extensive. Unfortunately, since these are essential amino acids, they cannot be heavily restricted in the diet; ultimately, the life of afflicted individuals is short and development is abnormal The main neurological problems are due to poor formation of myelin in the CNS.
L-lysine에 대한 Mechanism_Of_Action 정보
Proteins of the herpes simplex virus are rich in L-arginine, and tissue culture studies indicate an enhancing effect on viral replication when the amino acid ratio of L-arginine to L-lysine is high in the tissue culture media. When the ratio of L-lysine to L-arginine is high, viral replication and the cytopathogenicity of herpes simplex virus have been found to be inhibited. L-lysine may facilitate the absorption of calcium from the small intestine.
L-methionine에 대한 Mechanism_Of_Action 정보
The mechanism of the possible anti-hepatotoxic activity of L-methionine is not entirely clear. It is thought that metabolism of high doses of acetaminophen in the liver lead to decreased levels of hepatic glutathione and increased oxidative stress. L-methionine is a precursor to L-cysteine. L-cysteine itself may have antioxidant activity. L-cysteine is also a precursor to the antioxidant glutathione. Antioxidant activity of L-methionine and metabolites of L-methionine appear to account for its possible anti-hepatotoxic activity. Recent research suggests that methionine itself has free-radical scavenging activity by virtue of its sulfur, as well as its chelating ability.
L-phenylalanine에 대한 Mechanism_Of_Action 정보
The mechanism of L-phenylalanine's putative antidepressant activity may be accounted for by its precursor role in the synthesis of the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and dopamine. Elevated brain norepinephrine and dopamine levels are thought to be associated with antidepressant effects.
The mechanism of L-phenylalanine's possible antivitiligo activity is not well understood. It is thought that L-phenylalanine may stimulate the production of melanin in the affected skin
L-proline에 대한 Mechanism_Of_Action 정보
Glycogenic, by L-Proline oxidase in the kidney, it is ring-opened and is oxidized to form L-Glutamic acid. L-Ornithine and L-Glutamic acid are converted to L-Proline via L-Glutamic acid-gamma-semialdehyde. It is contained abundantly in collagen, and is intimately involved in the function of arthrosis and chordae.
L-threonine에 대한 Mechanism_Of_Action 정보
L-Threonine is a precursor to the amino acids glycine and serine. It acts as a lipotropic in controlling fat build-up in the liver. May help combat mental illness and may be very useful in indigestion and intestinal malfunctions. Also, threonine prevents excessive liver fat. Nutrients are more readily absorbed when threonine is present.
L-tryptophan에 대한 Mechanism_Of_Action 정보
A number of important side reactions occur during the catabolism of tryptophan on the pathway to acetoacetate. The first enzyme of the catabolic pathway is an iron porphyrin oxygenase that opens the indole ring. The latter enzyme is highly inducible, its concentration rising almost 10-fold on a diet high in tryptophan. Kynurenine is the first key branch point intermediate in the pathway. Kynurenine undergoes deamniation in a standard transamination reaction yielding kynurenic acid. Kynurenic acid and metabolites have been shown to act as antiexcitotoxics and anticonvulsives. A second side branch reaction produces anthranilic acid plus alanine. Another equivalent of alanine is produced further along the main catabolic pathway, and it is the production of these alanine residues that allows tryptophan to be classified among the glucogenic and ketogenic amino acids. The second important branch point converts kynurenine into 2-amino-3-carboxymuconic semialdehyde, which has two fates. The main flow of carbon elements from this intermediate is to glutarate. An important side reaction in liver is a transamination and several rearrangements to produce limited amounts of nicotinic acid, which leads to production of a small amount of NAD+ and NADP+.
L-valine에 대한 Mechanism_Of_Action 정보
(Applies to Valine, Leucine and Isoleucine)
This group of essential amino acids are identified as the branched-chain amino acids, BCAAs. Because this arrangement of carbon atoms cannot be made by humans, these amino acids are an essential element in the diet. The catabolism of all three compounds initiates in muscle and yields NADH and FADH2 which can be utilized for ATP generation. The catabolism of all three of these amino acids uses the same enzymes in the first two steps. The first step in each case is a transamination using a single BCAA aminotransferase, with a-ketoglutarate as amine acceptor. As a result, three different a-keto acids are produced and are oxidized using a common branched-chain a-keto acid dehydrogenase, yielding the three different CoA derivatives. Subsequently the metabolic pathways diverge, producing many intermediates.
The principal product from valine is propionylCoA, the glucogenic precursor of succinyl-CoA. Isoleucine catabolism terminates with production of acetylCoA and propionylCoA; thus isoleucine is both glucogenic and ketogenic. Leucine gives rise to acetylCoA and acetoacetylCoA, and is thus classified as strictly ketogenic.
There are a number of genetic diseases associated with faulty catabolism of the BCAAs. The most common defect is in the branched-chain a-keto acid dehydrogenase. Since there is only one dehydrogenase enzyme for all three amino acids, all three a-keto acids accumulate and are excreted in the urine. The disease is known as Maple syrup urine disease because of the characteristic odor of the urine in afflicted individuals. Mental retardation in these cases is extensive. Unfortunately, since these are essential amino acids, they cannot be heavily restricted in the diet; ultimately, the life of afflicted individuals is short and development is abnormal The main neurological problems are due to poor formation of myelin in the CNS.
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| Pharmacology |
L-arginine에 대한 Pharmacology 정보
Studies have shown that is has improved immune responses to bacteria, viruses and tumor cells; promotes wound healing and regeneration of the liver; causes the release of growth hormones; considered crucial for optimal muscle growth and tissue repair.
L-histidine에 대한 Pharmacology 정보
Is found abundantly in hemoglobin; has been used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, allergic diseases, ulcers and anemia. A deficiency can cause poor hearing.
L-leucine에 대한 Pharmacology 정보
An essential amino acid. (Claim) Leucine helps with the regulation of blood-sugar levels, the growth and repair of muscle tissue (such as bones, skin and muscles), growth hormone production, wound healing as well as energy regulation. It can assist to prevent the breakdown of muscle proteins that sometimes occur after trauma or severe stress. It may also be beneficial for individuals with phenylketonuria - a condition in which the body cannot metabolize the amino acid phenylalanine
L-lysine에 대한 Pharmacology 정보
Insures the adequate absorption of calcium; helps form collagen ( which makes up bone cartilage & connective tissues); aids in the production of antibodies, hormones & enzymes. Recent studies have shown that Lysine may be effective against herpes by improving the balance of nutrients that reduce viral growth. A deficiency may result in tiredness, inability to concentrate, irritability, bloodshot eyes, retarded growth, hair loss, anemia & reproductive problems.
L-methionine에 대한 Pharmacology 정보
L-Methionine is a principle supplier of sulfur which prevents disorders of the hair, skin and nails; helps lower cholesterol levels by increasing the liver's production of lecithin; reduces liver fat and protects the kidneys; a natural chelating agent for heavy metals; regulates the formation of ammonia and creates ammonia-free urine which reduces bladder irritation; influences hair follicles and promotes hair growth. L-methionine may protect against the toxic effects of hepatotoxins, such as acetaminophen. Methionine may have antioxidant activity.
L-phenylalanine에 대한 Pharmacology 정보
Used by the brain to produce Norepinephrine, a chemical that transmits signals between nerve cells and the brain; keeps you awake and alert; reduces hunger pains; functions as an antidepressant and helps improve memory.
L-proline에 대한 Pharmacology 정보
L-Proline is a major amino acid found in cartilage and is important for maintaining youthful skin as well as repair of muscle, connective tissue and skin damage. It is also essential for the immune system, and for necessary balance of this formula. It is an essential component of collagen and is important for proper functioning of joints and tendons. L-Proline is extremely important for the proper functioning of joints and tendons. Helps maintain and strengthen heart muscles.
L-threonine에 대한 Pharmacology 정보
L-Threonine is an essential amino acid that helps to maintain the proper protein balance in the body. It is important for the formation of collagen, elastin, and tooth enamel, and aids liver and lipotropic function when combined with aspartic acid and methionine.
L-tryptophan에 대한 Pharmacology 정보
Tryptophan is critical for the production of the body's proteins, enzymes and muscle tissue. It is also essential for the production of niacin, the synthesis of the neurotransmitter serotonin and melatonin. Tryptophan supplements can be used as natural relaxants to help relieve insomnia. Tryptophan can also reduce anxiety and depression and has been shown to reduce the intensity of migraine headaches. Other promising indications include the relief of chronic pain, reduction of impulsivity or mania and the treatment of obsessive or compulsive disorders. Tryptophan also appears to help the immune system and can reduce the risk of cardiac spasms. Tryptophan deficiencies may lead to coronary artery spasms. Tryptophan is used as an essential nutrient in infant formulas and intravenous feeding. Tryptophan is marketed as a prescription drug (Tryptan) for those who do not seem to respond well to conventional antidepressants. It may also be used to treat those afflicted with seasonal affective disorder (a winter-onset depression). Tryptopan serves as the precursor for the synthesis of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) and melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine).
L-valine에 대한 Pharmacology 정보
L-valine is a branched-chain essential amino acid (BCAA) that has stimulant activity. It promotes muscle growth and tissue repair. It is a precursor in the penicillin biosynthetic pathway. Valine is one of three branched-chain amino acids (the others are leucine and isoleucine) that enhance energy, increase endurance, and aid in muscle tissue recovery and repair. This group also lowers elevated blood sugar levels and increases growth hormone production. Supplemental valine should always be combined with isoleucine and leucine at a respective milligram ratio of 2:1:2. It is an essential amino acid found in proteins; important for optimal growth in infants and for growth in children and nitrogen balance in adults. The lack of L-valine may influence the growth of body, cause neuropathic obstacle, anaemia. It has wide applications in the field of pharmaceutical and food industry.
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| Metabolism |
L-histidine에 대한 Metabolism 정보
# Phase_1_Metabolizing_Enzyme:Not Available
L-lysine에 대한 Metabolism 정보
# Phase_1_Metabolizing_Enzyme:Not Available
L-methionine에 대한 Metabolism 정보
# Phase_1_Metabolizing_Enzyme:Glutamine SynthetaseMethylenetetrahydrofolate reductase
L-proline에 대한 Metabolism 정보
# Phase_1_Metabolizing_Enzyme:Proline oxidase
L-tryptophan에 대한 Metabolism 정보
# Phase_1_Metabolizing_Enzyme:Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenaseAromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase (AADC)
L-valine에 대한 Metabolism 정보
# Phase_1_Metabolizing_Enzyme:Catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT)
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| Absorption |
L-arginine에 대한 Absorption 정보
Absorbed from the lumen of the small intestine into the enterocytes. Absorption is efficient and occurs by an active transport mechanism.
L-histidine에 대한 Absorption 정보
Absorbed from the small intestine via an active transport mechanism requiring the presence of sodium.
L-lysine에 대한 Absorption 정보
Absorbed from the lumen of the small intestine into the enterocytes by an active transport process
L-methionine에 대한 Absorption 정보
Absorbed from the lumen of the small intestine into the enterocytes by an active transport process.
L-phenylalanine에 대한 Absorption 정보
Absorbed from the small intestine by a sodium dependent active transport process.
L-valine에 대한 Absorption 정보
Absorbed from the small intestine by a sodium-dependent active-transport process.
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| Biotransformation |
L-arginine에 대한 Biotransformation 정보
Some metabolism of L-arginine takes place in the enterocytes. L-arginine not metabolized in the enterocytes enters the portal circulation from whence it is transported to the liver, where again some portion of the amino acid is metabolized.
L-lysine에 대한 Biotransformation 정보
Hepatic
L-methionine에 대한 Biotransformation 정보
Hepatic
L-phenylalanine에 대한 Biotransformation 정보
Hepatic. L-phenylalanine that is not metabolized in the liver is distributed via the systemic circulation to the various tissues of the body, where it undergoes metabolic reactions similar to those that take place in the liver.
L-proline에 대한 Biotransformation 정보
Hepatic
L-threonine에 대한 Biotransformation 정보
Hepatic
L-tryptophan에 대한 Biotransformation 정보
Hepatic.
L-valine에 대한 Biotransformation 정보
Hepatic
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| Toxicity |
L-arginine에 대한 Toxicity 정보
Oral supplementation with L-arginine at doses up to 15 grams daily are generally well tolerated. The most common adverse reactions of higher doses from 15 to 30 grams daily are nausea, abdominal cramps and diarrhea. Some may experience these symptoms at lower doses.
L-histidine에 대한 Toxicity 정보
ORL-RAT LD50 > 15000 mg/kg, IPR-RAT LD50 > 8000 mg/kg, ORL-MUS LD50 > 15000 mg/kg, IVN-MUS LD50 > 2000 mg/kg; Mild gastrointestinal side effects.
L-lysine에 대한 Toxicity 정보
Not Available
L-methionine에 대한 Toxicity 정보
Doses of L-methionine of up to 250 mg daily are generally well tolerated. Higher doses may cause nausea, vomiting and headache. Healthy adults taking 8 grams of L-methionine daily for four days were found to have reduced serum folate levels and leucocytosis. Healthy adults taking 13.9 grams of L-methionine daily for five days were found to have changes in serum pH and potassium and increased urinary calcium excretion. Schizophrenic patients given 10 to 20 grams of L-methionine daily for two weeks developed functional psychoses. Single doses of 8 grams precipitated encephalopathy in patients with cirrhosis.
L-phenylalanine에 대한 Toxicity 정보
L-phenylalanine will exacerbate symptoms of phenylketonuria if used by phenylketonurics. L-phenylalanine was reported to exacerbate tardive dyskinesia when used by some with schizophrenia.
L-proline에 대한 Toxicity 정보
Not Available
L-tryptophan에 대한 Toxicity 정보
Oral rat LD50: > 16 gm/kg. Investigated as a tumorigen, mutagen, reproductive effector. Symptoms of overdose include agitation, confusion, diarrhea, fever, overactive reflexes, poor coordination, restlessness, shivering, sweating, talking or acting with excitement you cannot control, trembling or shaking, twitching, and vomiting.
L-valine에 대한 Toxicity 정보
Symptoms of hypoglycemia, increased mortality in ALS patients taking large doses of BCAAs.
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| Drug Interactions |
L-arginine에 대한 Drug_Interactions 정보
Not Available
L-histidine에 대한 Drug_Interactions 정보
Not Available
L-lysine에 대한 Drug_Interactions 정보
Not Available
L-methionine에 대한 Drug_Interactions 정보
Not Available
L-phenylalanine에 대한 Drug_Interactions 정보
Not Available
L-proline에 대한 Drug_Interactions 정보
Not Available
L-tryptophan에 대한 Drug_Interactions 정보
Not Available
L-valine에 대한 Drug_Interactions 정보
Not Available
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CYP450
Drug Interaction |
[CYP450 Table직접조회]
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| Food Interaction |
L-methionine에 대한 Food Interaction 정보
Take with food.
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| Drug Target |
[Drug Target]
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| Description |
D-sorbitol에 대한 Description 정보
A polyhydric alcohol with about half the sweetness of sucrose. Sorbitol occurs naturally and is also produced synthetically from glucose. It was formerly used as a diuretic and may still be used as a laxative and in irrigating solutions for some surgical procedures. It is also used in many manufacturing processes, as a pharmaceutical aid, and in several research applications. [PubChem]
L-arginine에 대한 Description 정보
An essential amino acid that is physiologically active in the L-form. [PubChem]
L-histidine에 대한 Description 정보
An essential amino acid that is required for the production of histamine. [PubChem]
L-leucine에 대한 Description 정보
An essential branched-chain amino acid important for hemoglobin formation. [PubChem]
L-lysine에 대한 Description 정보
L-Lysine (abbreviated as Lys or K)[1] is an 慣-amino acid with the chemical formula HO2CCH(NH2)(CH2)4NH2. This amino acid is an essential amino acid, which means that humans cannot synthesize it. Its codons are AAA and AAG.L-Lysine is a base, as are arginine and histidine. The 琯-amino group often participates in hydrogen bonding and as a general base in catalysis. Common posttranslational modifications include methylation of the 琯-amino group, giving methyl-, dimethyl-, and trimethyllysine. The latter occurs in calmodulin. Other posttranslational modifications include acetylation. Collagen contains hydroxylysine which is derived from lysine by lysyl hydroxylase. O-Glycosylation of lysine residues in the endoplasmic reticulum or Golgi apparatus is used to mark certain proteins for secretion from the cell.
L-methionine에 대한 Description 정보
A sulfur containing essential amino acid that is important in many body functions. It is a chelating agent for heavy metals. [PubChem]
L-phenylalanine에 대한 Description 정보
An essential aromatic amino acid that is a precursor of melanin; dopamine; noradrenalin (norepinephrine), and thyroxine. [PubChem]
L-proline에 대한 Description 정보
A non-essential amino acid that is synthesized from glutamic acid. It is an essential component of collagen and is important for proper functioning of joints and tendons. [PubChem]
L-threonine에 대한 Description 정보
An essential amino acid occurring naturally in the L-form, which is the active form. It is found in eggs, milk, gelatin, and other proteins. [PubChem]
L-tryptophan에 대한 Description 정보
An essential amino acid that is necessary for normal growth in infants and for nitrogen balance in adults. It is a precursor of indole alkaloids in plants. It is a precursor of serotonin (hence its use as an antidepressant and sleep aid). It can be a precursor to niacin, albeit inefficiently, in mammals. [PubChem]
L-valine에 대한 Description 정보
A branched-chain essential amino acid that has stimulant activity. It promotes muscle growth and tissue repair. It is a precursor in the penicillin biosynthetic pathway. [PubChem]
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| Drug Category |
D-sorbitol에 대한 Drug_Category 정보
CatharticsIndicators and ReagentsSweetening Agents
L-arginine에 대한 Drug_Category 정보
Conditionally Essential Amino AcidsDietary supplementMicronutrient
L-histidine에 대한 Drug_Category 정보
Conditionally Essential Amino AcidsDietary supplementMicronutrient
L-leucine에 대한 Drug_Category 정보
Dietary supplementEssential Amino AcidsMicronutrient
L-lysine에 대한 Drug_Category 정보
Dietary supplementEssential Amino AcidsMicronutrient
L-methionine에 대한 Drug_Category 정보
Dietary supplementEssential Amino AcidsMicronutrient
L-phenylalanine에 대한 Drug_Category 정보
Dietary supplementEssential Amino AcidsMicronutrient
L-proline에 대한 Drug_Category 정보
Dietary supplementMicronutrientNon-Essential Amino Acids
L-threonine에 대한 Drug_Category 정보
Dietary supplementEssential Amino AcidsMicronutrient
L-tryptophan에 대한 Drug_Category 정보
Antidepressive Agents, Second-GenerationDietary supplementEssential Amino AcidsMicronutrient
L-valine에 대한 Drug_Category 정보
Dietary supplementsEssential Amino AcidsMicronutrients
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| Smiles String Canonical |
D-sorbitol에 대한 Smiles_String_canonical 정보
OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)CO
L-arginine에 대한 Smiles_String_canonical 정보
NC(CCCN=C(N)N)C(O)=O
L-histidine에 대한 Smiles_String_canonical 정보
NC(CC1=CN=CN1)C(O)=O
L-leucine에 대한 Smiles_String_canonical 정보
CC(C)CC(N)C(O)=O
L-lysine에 대한 Smiles_String_canonical 정보
NCCCCC(N)C(O)=O
L-methionine에 대한 Smiles_String_canonical 정보
CSCCC(N)C(O)=O
L-phenylalanine에 대한 Smiles_String_canonical 정보
NC(CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(O)=O
L-proline에 대한 Smiles_String_canonical 정보
OC(=O)C1CCCN1
L-threonine에 대한 Smiles_String_canonical 정보
CC(O)C(N)C(O)=O
L-tryptophan에 대한 Smiles_String_canonical 정보
NC(CC1=CNC2=CC=CC=C12)C(O)=O
L-valine에 대한 Smiles_String_canonical 정보
CC(C)C(N)C(O)=O
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| Smiles String Isomeric |
D-sorbitol에 대한 Smiles_String_isomeric 정보
OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO
L-arginine에 대한 Smiles_String_isomeric 정보
N[C@@H](CCC\N=C(\N)N)C(O)=O
L-histidine에 대한 Smiles_String_isomeric 정보
N[C@@H](CC1=CN=CN1)C(O)=O
L-leucine에 대한 Smiles_String_isomeric 정보
CC(C)C[C@@H](N)C(O)=O
L-lysine에 대한 Smiles_String_isomeric 정보
NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O
L-methionine에 대한 Smiles_String_isomeric 정보
CSCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O
L-phenylalanine에 대한 Smiles_String_isomeric 정보
N[C@@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(O)=O
L-proline에 대한 Smiles_String_isomeric 정보
OC(=O)[C@@H]1CCCN1
L-threonine에 대한 Smiles_String_isomeric 정보
C[C@@H](O)[C@H](N)C(O)=O
L-tryptophan에 대한 Smiles_String_isomeric 정보
N[C@@H](CC1=CNC2=CC=CC=C12)C(O)=O
L-valine에 대한 Smiles_String_isomeric 정보
CC(C)[C@H](N)C(O)=O
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| InChI Identifier |
D-sorbitol에 대한 InChI_Identifier 정보
InChI=1/C6H14O6/c7-1-3(9)5(11)6(12)4(10)2-8/h3-12H,1-2H2/t3-,4+,5-,6-/m1/s1
L-arginine에 대한 InChI_Identifier 정보
InChI=1/C6H14N4O2/c7-4(5(11)12)2-1-3-10-6(8)9/h4H,1-3,7H2,(H,11,12)(H4,8,9,10)/t4-/m0/s1/f/h11H,8-9H2
L-histidine에 대한 InChI_Identifier 정보
InChI=1/C6H9N3O2/c7-5(6(10)11)1-4-2-8-3-9-4/h2-3,5H,1,7H2,(H,8,9)(H,10,11)/t5-/m0/s1/f/h9-10H
L-leucine에 대한 InChI_Identifier 정보
InChI=1/C6H13NO2/c1-4(2)3-5(7)6(8)9/h4-5H,3,7H2,1-2H3,(H,8,9)/f/h8H
L-lysine에 대한 InChI_Identifier 정보
InChI=1/C6H14N2O2/c7-4-2-1-3-5(8)6(9)10/h5H,1-4,7-8H2,(H,9,10)/t5-/m0/s1/f/h9H
L-methionine에 대한 InChI_Identifier 정보
InChI=1/C5H11NO2S/c1-9-3-2-4(6)5(7)8/h4H,2-3,6H2,1H3,(H,7,8)/t4-/m0/s1/f/h7H
L-phenylalanine에 대한 InChI_Identifier 정보
InChI=1/C9H11NO2/c10-8(9(11)12)6-7-4-2-1-3-5-7/h1-5,8H,6,10H2,(H,11,12)/t8-/m0/s1/f/h11H
L-proline에 대한 InChI_Identifier 정보
InChI=1/C5H9NO2/c7-5(8)4-2-1-3-6-4/h4,6H,1-3H2,(H,7,8)/t4-/m0/s1/f/h7H
L-threonine에 대한 InChI_Identifier 정보
InChI=1/C4H9NO3/c1-2(6)3(5)4(7)8/h2-3,6H,5H2,1H3,(H,7,8)/t2-,3+/m1/s1/f/h7H
L-tryptophan에 대한 InChI_Identifier 정보
InChI=1/C11H12N2O2/c12-9(11(14)15)5-7-6-13-10-4-2-1-3-8(7)10/h1-4,6,9,13H,5,12H2,(H,14,15)/t9-/m0/s1/f/h14H
L-valine에 대한 InChI_Identifier 정보
InChI=1/C5H11NO2/c1-3(2)4(6)5(7)8/h3-4H,6H2,1-2H3,(H,7,8)/t4-/m0/s1/f/h7H
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| Chemical IUPAC Name |
D-sorbitol에 대한 Chemical_IUPAC_Name 정보
(2R,3R,4R,5S)-hexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol
L-arginine에 대한 Chemical_IUPAC_Name 정보
(2S)-2-amino-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)pentanoic acid
L-histidine에 대한 Chemical_IUPAC_Name 정보
(2S)-2-amino-3-(3H-imidazol-4-yl)propanoic acid
L-leucine에 대한 Chemical_IUPAC_Name 정보
2-amino-4-methylpentanoic acid
L-lysine에 대한 Chemical_IUPAC_Name 정보
(2S)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid
L-methionine에 대한 Chemical_IUPAC_Name 정보
(2S)-2-amino-4-methylsulfanylbutanoic acid
L-phenylalanine에 대한 Chemical_IUPAC_Name 정보
(2S)-2-amino-3-phenylpropanoic acid
L-proline에 대한 Chemical_IUPAC_Name 정보
(2S)-pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid
L-threonine에 대한 Chemical_IUPAC_Name 정보
(2S,3R)-2-amino-3-hydroxybutanoic acid
L-tryptophan에 대한 Chemical_IUPAC_Name 정보
(2S)-2-amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid
L-valine에 대한 Chemical_IUPAC_Name 정보
(2S)-2-amino-3-methylbutanoic acid
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| Drug-Induced Toxicity Related Proteins |
LYSINE 의 Drug-Induced Toxicity Related Protein정보
Replated Protein:Tamm-Horsfall protein
Drug:Lysine
Toxicity:persisting acute renal failure .
[바로가기]
METHIONINE 의 Drug-Induced Toxicity Related Protein정보
Replated Protein:NMDA receptor-regulated protein
Drug:methionine
Toxicity:cerebrovascular disease.
[바로가기]
Replated Protein:Cystathionine beta-synthase
Drug:methionine
Toxicity:lipoprotein peroxidation and platelet aggregation.
[바로가기]
Replated Protein:Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase
Drug:methionine
Toxicity:lipoprotein peroxidation and platelet aggregation.
[바로가기]
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