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    | Mechanism of Action | 
    
       Levothyroxine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Mechanism_Of_Action Á¤º¸ Levothyroxine acts like the endogenous thyroid hormone thyroxine (T4, a tetra-iodinated tyrosine derivative). In the liver and kidney, T4 is converted to T3, the active metabolite. In order to increase solubility, the thyroid hormones attach to thyroid hormone binding proteins, thyroxin-binding globulin, and thyroxin-binding prealbumin (transthyretin). Transport and binding to thyroid hormone receptors in the cytoplasm and nucleus then takes place. Thus by acting as a replacement for natural thyroxine, symptoms of thyroxine deficiency are relieved.
  Liothyronine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Mechanism_Of_Action Á¤º¸ The thyroid hormones, thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (liothyronine or T3), are tyrosine-based hormones produced by the thyroid gland. An important component in the synthesis is iodine. The major form of thyroid hormone in the blood is thyroxine (T4). This is converted to the active liothyronine within cells by deiodinases. liothyronine acts on the body to increase the basal metabolic rate, affect protein synthesis and increase the body's sensitivity to catecholamines (such as adrenaline). The thyroid hormones are essential to proper development and differentiation of all cells of the human body. To various extents they regulate protein, fat and carbohydrate metabolism. But they have their most pronounced effects on how human cells use energetic compounds. 
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    | Pharmacology | 
     
       Levothyroxine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Pharmacology Á¤º¸ Levothyroxine (T4) is a synthetically prepared levo isomer of thyroxine, the major hormone secreted from the thyroid gland. Thyroxine is released from thyroglobulin by proteolysis and secreted into the blood. Thyroxine is peripherally deiodinated to form triiodothyronine which exerts a broad spectrum of stimulatory effects on cell metabolism. Thyroid hormone increases the metabolic rate of cells of all tissues in the body. In the fetus and newborn, thyroid hormone is important for the growth and development of all tissues including bones and the brain. In adults, thyroid hormone helps to maintain brain function, food metabolism, and body temperature, among other effects. The symptoms of thyroid deficiency relieved by levothyroxine include slow speech, lack of energy, weight gain, hair loss, dry thick skin and unusual sensitivity to cold.
  Liothyronine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Pharmacology Á¤º¸ Thyroid hormone drugs are natural or synthetic preparations containing tetraiodothyronine (T4, levothyroxine) or triiodothyronine (T3, liothyronine) or both. T4 and T3 are produced in the human thyroid gland by the iodination and coupling of the amino acid tyrosine. Liothyronine (T3) contains three atoms of iodine and is formed by the coupling of one molecule of diiodotyrosine (DIT) with one molecule of monoiodotyrosine (MIT). These hormones enhance oxygen consumption by most tissues of the body and increase the basal metabolic rate and the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins. Thus, they exert a profound influence on every organ system in the body and are of particular importance in the development of the central nervous system. 
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       Levothyroxine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Metabolism Á¤º¸ # Phase_1_Metabolizing_Enzyme:Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) 
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       Levothyroxine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ´Ü¹é°áÇÕ Á¤º¸ > 99%
  Liothyronine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ´Ü¹é°áÇÕ Á¤º¸ 99.7% 
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       Levothyroxine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹Ý°¨±â Á¤º¸ 6 to 7 days
  Liothyronine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹Ý°¨±â Á¤º¸ 2.5 days 
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    | Absorption | 
    
       Levothyroxine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Absorption Á¤º¸ Bioavailability varies from 48% to 80%. Human studies have confirmed the importance of an intact jejunum and ileum for levothyroxine absorption and have shown some absorption from the duodenum.
  Liothyronine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Absorption Á¤º¸ Almost totally absorbed, 95 percent in 4 hours. 
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| Levothyroxine (T4) |  
BA 74-93% À½½Ä¹°¿¡ ÀÇÇØ °¨¼Ò |  
30%´Â Å»¿ä¿ÀµåÈ 20%´Â °£´ë»ç ÈÄ ´ëº¯ ¹è¼³ |  
3-5ÀÏ |  
7-10ÀÏ |  
  
 
| Liothyronine (T3) |  
BA >95% ¿ïÇ÷¼º ½ÉºÎÀü ½Ã °¨¼Ò |  
´ëºÎºÐÀÌ Å»¿ä¿ÀµåÈµÇ¾î ´ë»çü·Î ´¢¹è¼³ |  
1-3ÀÏ |  
3-5ÀÏ |  
     
- ÀÛ¿ë¹ßÇö½Ã°£ :
 
- 	°æ±¸ : 3-5 ÀÏ
 
 - 	       Á¤¸ÆÁÖ»ç : 6-8 ½Ã°£
 
 - 	Myxedema coma : Á¤¸ÆÁÖ»ç : 6-12 ½Ã°£
 
	 - °©»ó¼± ±â´ÉÀúÇÏÁõÀÇ ¿ÏÈ : 2-4 ÁÖ
   
 - ÃÖ´ëÈ¿°ú ¹ßÇö½Ã°£ :
- 
 °©»ó¼± ±â´ÉÀúÇÏÁõ : °æ±¸ : 4-6 ÁÖ
 
		myxedema coma : Á¤¸ÆÁÖ»ç : 24 ½Ã°£
   
 - ÀÛ¿ëÁö¼Ó½Ã°£ : °©»ó¼± ±â´ÉÀúÇÏÁõ : ¼öÁÖ
 
 - »ýü³»ÀÌ¿ë·ü : °æ±¸ : Á¤Á¦ : 50-80 %
 
 - ºÐÆ÷¿ëÀû : 8.7-9.7 L 
 
 - ´ë»ç :
 - Ç÷Áß : 85 % : 50%°¡ Ȱ¼ºÇüÀÎ T3(triiodothyronine)À¸·Î Àüȯ
 
	 - °£ : °£°æº¯È¯ÀÚÀÇ °æ¿ì T4ÀÇ Áõ°¡¿Í T3ÀÇ °¨¼Ò¸¦ º¸ÀÓ
   
 - ¹Ý°¨±â : 5.3-9.5 ÀÏ(7 ÀÏ)
 
 - Ç÷ÁßÃÖ°í³óµµ µµ´Þ½Ã°£ :   2-4 ½Ã°£
 
 - ¼Ò½Ç :
-  ´¢¿Í º¯À¸·Î ¹è¼³
 
	 -  total body clearance  : 0.84-1.37 L/day
 
	 - º¯À¸·Î 50% ¹è¼³
   
 
   Liothyronine SodiumÀÇ ¾à¹°µ¿·ÂÇÐÀÚ·á 
- T4¿Í T3 ºñ±³
  
    
  | 
    °©»ó¼±¿¡¼ ºÐºñµÇ´Â ºñÀ² |   
    »ý¹°ÇÐÀû È¿·Â | 
    ´Ü¹é°áÇÕ | 
    ¹Ý°¨±â |  
  
    | Levothyroxine (T4) | 
    20 | 
    1 | 
    99.97% | 
    7ÀÏ* | 
   
  
    | Liothyronine (T3) | 
    1 | 
    4 | 
    99.70% | 
    38½Ã°£* | 
   
   
* °©»ó¼± ±â´ÉÇ×ÁøÁõÀÇ °æ¿ì ¹Ý°¨±â°¡ °¨¼ÒÇÔ 
  | 
Èí¼ö | 
´ë»ç ¹× ¼Ò½Ç | 
ÀÛ¿ë¹ßÇö½Ã°£ | 
ÀÛ¿ëÁö¼Ó½Ã°£ | 
 
| Levothyroxine (T4) | 
BA 74-93% À½½Ä¹°¿¡ ÀÇÇØ °¨¼Ò | 
30%´Â Å»¿ä¿ÀµåÈ 20%´Â °£´ë»ç ÈÄ ´ëº¯ ¹è¼³ | 
3-5ÀÏ | 
7-10ÀÏ | 
 
| Liothyronine (T3) | 
BA >95% ¿ïÇ÷¼º ½ÉºÎÀü ½Ã °¨¼Ò | 
´ëºÎºÐÀÌ Å»¿ä¿ÀµåÈµÇ¾î ´ë»çü·Î ´¢¹è¼³ | 
1-3ÀÏ | 
3-5ÀÏ | 
   
 - ÀÛ¿ë¹ßÇö½Ã°£ : 
 - °æ±¸ : ¼ö½Ã°£
 
	 - Á¤¸ÆÁÖ»ç : 2-4 ½Ã°£
   
 - ÃÖ´ë¾àÈ¿¹ßÇö½Ã°£ : 2-3 ÀÏ
 
 - ÃÖ´ëÇ÷Áß³óµµµµ´Þ½Ã°£ : °æ±¸ : 1-2 ½Ã°£
 
 - »ýü³»ÀÌ¿ë·ü : 85-90 %
 
 - ´ë»ç : °£¿¡¼ ºñȰ¼ºÇüÀ¸·Î ´ë»ç
 
 - ºÐÆ÷¿ëÀû : 41-45 L
 
 - ¹Ý°¨±â : 25 ½Ã°£
 
 - ¼Ò½Ç : ´¢·Î ¹è¼³
 
  
     | 
   
  
   
    | Biotransformation | 
    
       Levothyroxine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Biotransformation Á¤º¸ Hepatic (primarily via cytochrome P450 isozyme 3A4).
  Liothyronine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Biotransformation Á¤º¸ Not Available 
     | 
   
  
   
    | Toxicity | 
    
       Levothyroxine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Toxicity Á¤º¸ LD50=20 mg/kg (orally in rat). Hypermetabolic state indistinguishable from thyrotoxicosis of endogenous origin. Symptoms of thyrotoxicosis include weight loss, increased appetite, palpitations, nervousness, diarrhea, abdominal cramps, sweating, tachycardia, increased pulse and blood pressure, cardiac arrhythmias, tremors, insomnia, heat intolerance, fever, and menstrual irregularities. 
     | 
   
  
   
    | Drug Interactions | 
    
       Levothyroxine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Drug_Interactions Á¤º¸ Anisindione	Thyroid hormones increase the anticoagulant effectAcenocoumarol	Thyroid hormones increase the anticoagulant effectDicumarol	Thyroid hormones increase the anticoagulant effectWarfarin	Thyroid hormones increase the anticoagulant effectCalcium	Calcium decreases absorption of levothyroxineIron	Iron decreases absorption of levothyroxineColestipol	The resin decreases the absorption of thyroid hormonesCholestyramine	The resin decreases the absorption of thyroid hormonesDigoxin	The thyroid hormone decreases the effect of digoxinRaloxifene	Raloxifene decreases absorption of levothyroxineSucralfate	Sucralfate decreases the effect of levothyroxine 
     | 
   
  
   
    CYP450  Drug Interaction | 
    
      [CYP450 TableÁ÷Á¢Á¶È¸] 
     | 
   
  
   
    | Food Interaction | 
    
       Levothyroxine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Food Interaction Á¤º¸ No iron within 4 hours of taking this medication.Take 30-60 minutes before breakfast.Consistent administration in relation to meals is recommended. 
     | 
   
  
   
    | Drug Target | 
    
      
      [Drug Target]
     | 
   
  
   
    | Description | 
    
       Levothyroxine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Description Á¤º¸ The major hormone derived from the thyroid gland. Thyroxine is synthesized via the iodination of tyrosines (monoiodotyrosine) and the coupling of iodotyrosines (diiodotyrosine) in the thyroglobulin. Thyroxine is released from thyroglobulin by proteolysis and secreted into the blood. Thyroxine is peripherally deiodinated to form triiodothyronine which exerts a broad spectrum of stimulatory effects on cell metabolism. [PubChem]
  Liothyronine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Description Á¤º¸ A T3 thyroid hormone normally synthesized and secreted by the thyroid gland in much smaller quantities than thyroxine (T4). Most T3 is derived from peripheral monodeiodination of T4 at the 5& 
     | 
   
  
   
    | Dosage Form | 
    
       Levothyroxine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Dosage_Form Á¤º¸ Powder, for solution	IntravenousTablet	Oral
  Liothyronine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Dosage_Form Á¤º¸ Tablet	Oral 
     | 
   
  
   
    | Drug Category | 
    
       Levothyroxine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Drug_Category Á¤º¸ AnticoagulantsAntithyroid Agents
  Liothyronine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Drug_Category Á¤º¸ Hormone Replacement Agents 
     | 
   
  
   
    | Smiles String Canonical | 
    
       Levothyroxine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Smiles_String_canonical Á¤º¸ NC(CC1=CC(I)=C(OC2=CC(I)=C(O)C(I)=C2)C(I)=C1)C(O)=O
  Liothyronine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Smiles_String_canonical Á¤º¸ NC(CC1=CC(I)=C(OC2=CC(I)=C(O)C=C2)C(I)=C1)C(O)=O 
     | 
   
  
   
    | Smiles String Isomeric | 
    
       Levothyroxine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Smiles_String_isomeric Á¤º¸ N[C@@H](CC1=CC(I)=C(OC2=CC(I)=C(O)C(I)=C2)C(I)=C1)C(O)=O
  Liothyronine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Smiles_String_isomeric Á¤º¸ N[C@@H](CC1=CC(I)=C(OC2=CC(I)=C(O)C=C2)C(I)=C1)C(O)=O 
     | 
   
  
   
    | InChI Identifier | 
    
       Levothyroxine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ InChI_Identifier Á¤º¸ InChI=1/C15H11I4NO4/c16-8-4-7(5-9(17)13(8)21)24-14-10(18)1-6(2-11(14)19)3-12(20)15(22)23/h1-2,4-5,12,21H,3,20H2,(H,22,23)/t12-/m0/s1/f/h22H
  Liothyronine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ InChI_Identifier Á¤º¸ InChI=1/C15H12I3NO4/c16-9-6-8(1-2-13(9)20)23-14-10(17)3-7(4-11(14)18)5-12(19)15(21)22/h1-4,6,12,20H,5,19H2,(H,21,22)/t12-/m0/s1/f/h21H 
     | 
   
  
   
    | Chemical IUPAC Name | 
    
       Levothyroxine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Chemical_IUPAC_Name Á¤º¸ (2S)-2-amino-3-[4-(4-hydroxy-3,5-diiodophenoxy)-3,5-diiodophenyl]propanoic acid
  Liothyronine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Chemical_IUPAC_Name Á¤º¸ (2S)-2-amino-3-[4-(4-hydroxy-3-iodophenoxy)-3,5-diiodophenyl]propanoic acid 
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                ÃÖ±ÙÁ¤º¸¼öÁ¤ÀÏ 2025-11-03
              
 
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                          Ã¥ÀÓÀ» ÁöÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÚ¼¼ÇÑ ³»¿ëÀº ¡°Ã¥ÀÓÀÇ ÇÑ°è ¹× ¹ýÀû°íÁö¡±¸¦ ÂüÁ¶ÇØ ÁֽʽÿÀ.
                            ¹Ýµå½Ã Á¦Á¶¡¤¼öÀÔ»ç, ÆÇ¸Å»ç, ÀÇ»ç, ¾à»ç¿¡°Ô ÃÖÁ¾ÀûÀ¸·Î È®ÀÎÇϽñ⠹ٶø´Ï´Ù.
                          ÀüÈ: 02-3486-1061 ¤Ó À̸ÞÀÏ: webmaster@druginfo.co.kr
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