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Camphor¿¡ ´ëÇÑ µ¶¼ºÁ¤º¸ : Á¤º¸º¸±â
Diphenhydramine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ µ¶¼ºÁ¤º¸ : Á¤º¸º¸±â
Ãâó: ±¹¸³µ¶¼º°úÇпø µ¶¼º¹°ÁúÁ¤º¸DB : http://www.nitr.go.kr/nitr/contents/m134200/view.do |
| Mechanism of Action |
Dibucaine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Mechanism_Of_Action Á¤º¸ Local anesthetics block both the initiation and conduction of nerve impulses by decreasing the neuronal membrane's permeability to sodium ions. This reversibly stabilizes the membrane and inhibits depolarization, resulting in the failure of a propagated action potential and subsequent conduction blockade.
Diphenhydramine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Mechanism_Of_Action Á¤º¸ Diphenhydramine competes with free histamine for binding at HA-receptor sites. This antagonizes the effects of histamine on HA-receptors, leading to a reduction of the negative symptoms brought on by histamine HA-receptor binding.
Menthol¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Mechanism_Of_Action Á¤º¸ Menthol is classified as a calcium channel blocker. Calcium channel blockers are a class of drugs with effects on many excitable cells of the body, like the muscle of the heart, smooth muscles of the vessels or neuron cells. Calcium channel blockers work by blocking voltage-sensitive calcium channels in the heart and in the blood vessels. This prevents calcium levels from increasing as much in the cells when stimulated, leading to less contraction.
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| Pharmacology |
Dibucaine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Pharmacology Á¤º¸ Dibucaine is an amide-type local anesthetic, similar to lidocaine.
Diphenhydramine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Pharmacology Á¤º¸ Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine of the ethanolamine class. Ethanolamine antihistamines have significant antimuscarinic activity and produce marked sedation in most patients. In addition to the usual allergic symptoms, the drug also treats irritant cough and nausea, vomiting, and vertigo associated with motion sickness. It also is used commonly to treat drug-induced extrapyramidal symptoms as well as to treat mild cases of Parkinson's disease. Rather than preventing the release of histamine, as do cromolyn and nedocromil, diphenhydramine competes with free histamine for binding at HA-receptor sites. Diphenhydramine competitively antagonizes the effects of histamine on HA-receptors in the GI tract, uterus, large blood vessels, and bronchial muscle. Ethanolamine derivatives have greater anticholinergic activity than do other antihistamines, which probably accounts for the antidyskinetic action of diphenhydramine. This anticholinergic action appears to be due to a central antimuscarinic effect, which also may be responsible for its antiemetic effects, although the exact mechanism is unknown.
Menthol¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Pharmacology Á¤º¸ Menthol is a covalent organic compound made synthetically or obtained from peppermint or other mint oils. Menthol's ability to chemically trigger cold-sensitive receptors in the skin is responsible for the well known cooling sensation that it provokes when inhalated, eaten, or applied to the skin. It should be noted that menthol does not cause an actual drop in temperature.
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| Metabolism |
Dibucaine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Metabolism Á¤º¸ # Phase_1_Metabolizing_Enzyme:Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2)Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6)Cholinesterase
Diphenhydramine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Metabolism Á¤º¸ # Phase_1_Metabolizing_Enzyme:Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6)Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)
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| Protein Binding |
Dibucaine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ´Ü¹é°áÇÕ Á¤º¸ Not Available
Diphenhydramine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ´Ü¹é°áÇÕ Á¤º¸ 98 to 99%
Menthol¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ´Ü¹é°áÇÕ Á¤º¸ Not Available
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| Half-life |
Dibucaine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹Ý°¨±â Á¤º¸ Not Available
Diphenhydramine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹Ý°¨±â Á¤º¸ 1-4 hours
Menthol¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹Ý°¨±â Á¤º¸ Not Available
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| Absorption |
Dibucaine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Absorption Á¤º¸ In general, ionized forms (salts) of local anesthetics are not readily absorbed through intact skin. However, both nonionized (bases) and ionized forms of local anesthetics are readily absorbed through traumatized or abraded skin into the systemic circulation.
Diphenhydramine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Absorption Á¤º¸ Quickly absorbed with maximum activity occurring in approximately one hour.
Menthol¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Absorption Á¤º¸ Not Available
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| Pharmacokinetics |
Diphenhydramine HClÀÇ ¾à¹°µ¿·ÂÇÐÀÚ·á
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- ÀÛ¿ëÁö¼Ó½Ã°£ : 4-7 ½Ã°£
- Èí¼ö : ÃÊȸÅë°úÈ¿°ú°¡ ÀÖ¾î¼ 40 - 60 % Á¤µµ°¡ Àü½Å¼øÈ¯À¸·Î µé¾î°¨
- ´ë»ç : ´ëºÎºÐ °£´ë»ç, ÀϺδ Æó¿Í ½ÅÀå¿¡¼µµ ´ë»ç
- ´Ü¹é°áÇÕ : 78%
- ÃÖ°íÇ÷Áß³óµµ µµ´Þ½Ã°£ : 2-4 ½Ã°£
MentholÀÇ ¾à¹°µ¿·ÂÇÐÀÚ·á
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Methyl SalicylateÀÇ ¾à¹°µ¿·ÂÇÐÀÚ·á
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- À§Àå°üÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ Àß Èí¼öµÈ´Ù.
- ¹þ°ÜÁø ÇǺθ¦ ÅëÇØ¼µµ Èí¼öµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
Dibucaine HClÀÇ ¾à¹°µ¿·ÂÇÐÀÚ·á
- ÀÛ¿ë¹ßÇö½Ã°£ : 15ºÐ À̳»
- ÀÛ¿ëÁö¼Ó½Ã°£ : 2-4 ½Ã°£
- Èí¼ö : ¼Õ»óµÇÁö ¾ÊÀº ÇǺο¡ Àû¿ë½Ã Èí¼ö´Â ¸Å¿ì ÀûÁö¸¸, Á¡¸·À̳ª ¼Õ»óµÈ ÇǺηκÎÅÍ´Â Àß Èí¼öµÈ´Ù.
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| Biotransformation |
Dibucaine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Biotransformation Á¤º¸ Primarily hepatic.
Diphenhydramine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Biotransformation Á¤º¸ Hepatic and renal
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| Toxicity |
Dibucaine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Toxicity Á¤º¸ Subcutaneous LD50 in rat is 27 mg/kg. Symptoms of overdose include convulsions, hypoxia, acidosis, bradycardia, arrhythmias and cardiac arrest.
Diphenhydramine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Toxicity Á¤º¸ LD50=500 mg/kg (orally in rats). Considerable overdosage can lead to myocardial infarction (heart attack), serious ventricular dysrhythmias, coma and death.
Menthol¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Toxicity Á¤º¸ Menthol, DL: ORAL (LD50): Acute: 2900 mg/kg [Rat], 3100 mg/kg [Mouse]. DERMAL (LD50): Acute: 5001 mg/kg [Rabbit].
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| Drug Interactions |
Dibucaine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Drug_Interactions Á¤º¸ Methotrexate The NSAID increases the effect and toxicity of methotrexateLithium The NSAID increases serum levels of lithiumAcenocoumarol The NSAID increases the anticoagulant effect
Diphenhydramine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Drug_Interactions Á¤º¸ Atomoxetine The CYP2D6 inhibitor could increases the effect and toxicity of atomoxetineDonepezil Possible antagonism of actionGalantamine Possible antagonism of actionMesoridazine Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmiasRivastigmine Possible antagonism of actionThioridazine Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias
Menthol¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Drug_Interactions Á¤º¸ Not Available
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CYP450 Drug Interaction |
[CYP450 TableÁ÷Á¢Á¶È¸]
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| Food Interaction |
Diphenhydramine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Food Interaction Á¤º¸ Avoid alcohol.Take with food.
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| Drug Target |
[Drug Target]
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| Description |
Camphor¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Description Á¤º¸ A bicyclic monoterpene ketone found widely in plants, especially cinnamomum camphora. It is used topically as a skin antipruritic and as an anti-infective agent. [PubChem]
Dibucaine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Description Á¤º¸ A local anesthetic of the amide type now generally used for surface anesthesia. It is one of the most potent and toxic of the long-acting local anesthetics and its parenteral use is restricted to spinal anesthesia. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1006)
Diphenhydramine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Description Á¤º¸ A histamine H1 antagonist used as an antiemetic, antitussive, for dermatoses and pruritus, for hypersensitivity reactions, as a hypnotic, an antiparkinson, and as an ingredient in common cold preparations. It has some undesired antimuscarinic and sedative effects.
Menthol¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Description Á¤º¸ Menthol is a covalent organic compound made synthetically or obtained from peppermint or other mint oils. It is a waxy, crystalline substance, clear or white in color, which is solid at room temperature and melts slightly above. The main form of menthol occurring in nature is (-)-menthol, which is assigned the (1R,2S,5R) configuration. Menthol has local anesthetic and counterirritant qualities, and it is widely used to relieve minor throat irritation.
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| Dosage Form |
Dibucaine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Dosage_Form Á¤º¸ Ointment Rectal
Diphenhydramine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Dosage_Form Á¤º¸ Capsule OralCream TopicalElixir OralLiquid IntramuscularLiquid IntravenousLiquid OralLozenge OralStrip OralSyrup OralTablet OralTablet, chewable Oral
Menthol¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Dosage_Form Á¤º¸ Cream TopicalGel TopicalLiquid NasalLiquid OralLiquid TopicalLozenge OralOintment TopicalPatch TopicalPowder TopicalSolution / drops OralSpray Topical
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| Drug Category |
Camphor¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Drug_Category Á¤º¸ Anti-Infective Agents, Local
Dibucaine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Drug_Category Á¤º¸ Anesthetics, Local
Diphenhydramine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Drug_Category Á¤º¸ AnestheticsAnesthetics, LocalAnti-Allergic AgentsAntidyskineticsAntiemeticsAntiparkinson AgentsAntipruriticsAntitussivesEthanolamine DerivativesHistamine H1 AntagonistsHypnotics and Sedatives
Menthol¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Drug_Category Á¤º¸ Antipruritics
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| Smiles String Canonical |
Camphor¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Smiles_String_canonical Á¤º¸ CC1(C)C2CCC1(C)C(=O)C2
Dibucaine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Smiles_String_canonical Á¤º¸ CCCCOC1=NC2=CC=CC=C2C(=C1)C(=O)NCCN(CC)CC
Diphenhydramine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Smiles_String_canonical Á¤º¸ CN(C)CCOC(C1=CC=CC=C1)C1=CC=CC=C1
Menthol¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Smiles_String_canonical Á¤º¸ CC(C)C1CCC(C)CC1O
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| Smiles String Isomeric |
Camphor¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Smiles_String_isomeric Á¤º¸ CC1(C)[C@H]2CC[C@]1(C)C(=O)C2
Dibucaine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Smiles_String_isomeric Á¤º¸ CCCCOC1=NC2=CC=CC=C2C(=C1)C(=O)NCCN(CC)CC
Diphenhydramine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Smiles_String_isomeric Á¤º¸ CN(C)CCOC(C1=CC=CC=C1)C1=CC=CC=C1
Menthol¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Smiles_String_isomeric Á¤º¸ CC(C)[C@@H]1CC[C@@H](C)C[C@H]1O
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| InChI Identifier |
Camphor¿¡ ´ëÇÑ InChI_Identifier Á¤º¸ InChI=1/C10H16O/c1-9(2)7-4-5-10(9,3)8(11)6-7/h7H,4-6H2,1-3H3
Dibucaine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ InChI_Identifier Á¤º¸ InChI=1/C20H29N3O2/c1-4-7-14-25-19-15-17(16-10-8-9-11-18(16)22-19)20(24)21-12-13-23(5-2)6-3/h8-11,15H,4-7,12-14H2,1-3H3,(H,21,24)/f/h21H
Diphenhydramine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ InChI_Identifier Á¤º¸ InChI=1/C17H21NO/c1-18(2)13-14-19-17(15-9-5-3-6-10-15)16-11-7-4-8-12-16/h3-12,17H,13-14H2,1-2H3
Menthol¿¡ ´ëÇÑ InChI_Identifier Á¤º¸ InChI=1/C10H20O/c1-7(2)9-5-4-8(3)6-10(9)11/h7-11H,4-6H2,1-3H3/t8-,9+,10-/m1/s1
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| Chemical IUPAC Name |
Camphor¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Chemical_IUPAC_Name Á¤º¸ 1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-one
Dibucaine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Chemical_IUPAC_Name Á¤º¸ 2-butoxy-N-(2-diethylaminoethyl)quinoline-4-carboxamide
Diphenhydramine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Chemical_IUPAC_Name Á¤º¸ 2-[di(phenyl)methoxy]-N,N-dimethylethanamine
Menthol¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Chemical_IUPAC_Name Á¤º¸ (1R,2S,5R)-5-methyl-2-propan-2-ylcyclohexan-1-ol
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º» ¼öÁ¤ÀÏ Á¤º¸´Â Çã°¡Á¤º¸ ÀÌ¿ÜÀÇ ±âŸÁ¤º¸ ¼öÁ¤ÀÏÀ» ÀǹÌÇϹǷÎ, Çã°¡Á¤º¸¼öÁ¤ÀÏÀº º»¹®¿¡ Ç¥±âµÈ ³¯Â¥¸¦ ÂüÁ¶ÇϽñ⠹ٶø´Ï´Ù.
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µå·°ÀÎÆ÷ ÀǾàÇмúÁ¤º¸´Â ½ÄǰÀǾàǰ¾ÈÀüóÀÇ Á¦Ç°Çã°¡»çÇ×, Çмú¹®Çå, Á¦¾àȸ»ç Á¦°øÁ¤º¸ µîÀ» ±Ù°Å·Î ÀÛ¼ºµÈ Âü°í Á¤º¸ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
Á¤º¸ÀÇ Á¤È®¼ºÀ» À§ÇØ ³ë·ÂÇϰí ÀÖÀ¸³ª ÆíÁý»óÀÇ ¿À·ù, Çã°¡»çÇ× º¯°æ, Ãß°¡ÀûÀÎ Çмú¿¬±¸ ¶Ç´Â Àӻ󿬱¸ ¹ßÇ¥ µîÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇØ ¹ß»ýÇÏ´Â ¹®Á¦¿¡ ´ëÇØ µå·°ÀÎÆ÷´Â
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ÀüÈ: 02-3486-1061 ¤Ó À̸ÞÀÏ: webmaster@druginfo.co.kr
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