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    139  (±âŸÀÇ °¨°¢±â°ü¿ë¾à                                             )
      
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	      FDA : Dµî±Þ 
				        
				         (cortisone;oxytetracycline;tetracycline; )
				        
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  Ãâó: ±¹¸³µ¶¼º°úÇпø µ¶¼º¹°ÁúÁ¤º¸DB : http://www.nitr.go.kr/nitr/contents/m134200/view.do  | 
   
  
   
    | Mechanism of Action | 
    
       Hydrocortisone¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Mechanism_Of_Action Á¤º¸ Hydrocortisone binds to the cytosolic glucocorticoid receptor. After binding the receptor the newly formed receptor-ligand complex translocates itself into the cell nucleus, where it binds to many glucocorticoid response elements (GRE) in the promoter region of the target genes. The DNA bound receptor then interacts with basic transcription factors, causing the increase in expression of specific target genes. The anti-inflammatory actions of corticosteroids are thought to involve lipocortins, phospholipase A2 inhibitory proteins which, through inhibition arachidonic acid, control the biosynthesis of prostaglandins and leukotrienes. Specifically glucocorticoids induce lipocortin-1 (annexin-1) synthesis, which then binds to cell membranes preventing the phospholipase A2 from coming into contact with its substrate arachidonic acid. This leads to diminished eicosanoid production. The cyclooxygenase (both COX-1 and COX-2) expression is also suppressed, potentiating the effect. In another words, the two main products in inflammation Prostaglandins and Leukotrienes are inhibited by the action of Glucocorticoids. Glucocorticoids also stimulate the lipocortin-1 escaping to the extracellular space, where it binds to the leukocyte membrane receptors and inhibits various inflammatory events: epithelial adhesion, emigration, chemotaxis, phagocytosis, respiratory burst and the release of various inflammatory mediators (lysosomal enzymes, cytokines, tissue plasminogen activator, chemokines etc.) from neutrophils, macrophages and mastocytes. Additionally the immune system is suppressed by corticosteroids due to a decrease in the function of the lymphatic system, a reduction in immunoglobulin and complement concentrations, the precipitation of lymphocytopenia, and interference with antigen-antibody binding.
  Oxytetracycline¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Mechanism_Of_Action Á¤º¸ Oxytetracycline inhibits cell growth by inhibiting translation. It binds to the 30S ribosomal subunit and prevents the amino-acyl tRNA from binding to the A site of the ribosome. The binding is reversible in nature. Oxytetracycline is lipophilic and can easily pass through the cell membrane or passively diffuses through porin channels in the bacterial membrane. 
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    | Pharmacology | 
     
       Hydrocortisone¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Pharmacology Á¤º¸ Hydrocortisone is the most important human glucocorticoid. It is essential for life and regulates or supports a variety of important cardiovascular, metabolic, immunologic and homeostatic functions. Topical hydrocortisone is used for its anti-inflammatory or immunosuppressive properties to treat inflammation due to corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses. Glucocorticoids are a class of steroid hormones characterised by an ability to bind with the cortisol receptor and trigger a variety of important cardiovascular, metabolic, immunologic and homeostatic effects. Glucocorticoids are distinguished from mineralocorticoids and sex steroids by having different receptors, target cells, and effects. Technically, the term corticosteroid refers to both glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids, but is often used as a synonym for glucocorticoid. Glucocorticoids suppress cell-mediated immunity. They act by inhibiting genes that code for the cytokines IL-1, IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-alpha, the most important of which is the IL-2. Reduced cytokine production limits T cell proliferation. Glucocorticoids also suppress humoral immunity, causing B cells to express lower amounts of IL-2 and IL-2 receptors. This diminishes both B cell clonal expansion and antibody synthesis. The diminished amounts of IL-2 also leads to fewer T lymphocyte cells being activated.
  Oxytetracycline¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Pharmacology Á¤º¸ Oxytetracycline is known as a broad-spectrum antibiotic due to its activity against such a wide range of infections. It was the second of the tetracyclines to be discovered. Oxytetracycline, like other tetracyclines, is used to treat many infections common and rare. Its better absorption profile makes it preferable to tetracycline for moderately severe acne, but alternatives sould be sought if no improvement occurs by 3 months. 
     | 
   
  
   
    | Metabolism | 
    
       Hydrocortisone¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Metabolism Á¤º¸ # Phase_1_Metabolizing_Enzyme:Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) 
     | 
   
  
   
    | Protein Binding | 
    
       Hydrocortisone¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ´Ü¹é°áÇÕ Á¤º¸ 95% 
     | 
   
  
   
    | Half-life | 
    
       Hydrocortisone¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹Ý°¨±â Á¤º¸ 6-8 hours
  Oxytetracycline¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹Ý°¨±â Á¤º¸ Not Available 
     | 
   
  
   
    | Absorption | 
    
       Hydrocortisone¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Absorption Á¤º¸ Topical corticosteroids can be absorbed from normal intact skin. Inflammation and/or other disease processes in the skin increase percutaneous absorption. 
     | 
   
  
   
    | Pharmacokinetics | 
    
       Hydrocortisone acetateÀÇ ¾à¹°µ¿·ÂÇÐÀÚ·á 
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 -  ¿ëÇØ¼ºÀÌ Å« ´Ù¸¥ ¾à¹°°ú ºñ±³ÇßÀ» ¶§ hydrocortisone acetate´Â ÀÛ¿ë¹ßÇö½Ã°£Àº ´À¸®Áö¸¸ ÀÛ¿ëÁö¼Ó½Ã°£ÀÌ ±æ´Ù.
 
		 -  Hydrocortisone sodium succinate´Â ¹°¿¡ ½±°Ô ³ì¾Æ »¡¸® Ȱ¼ºÈµÈ´Ù.
  	 
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     | 
   
  
   
    | Biotransformation | 
    
       Hydrocortisone¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Biotransformation Á¤º¸ Primarily hepatic via CYP3A4
  Oxytetracycline¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Biotransformation Á¤º¸ Not Available 
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    | Toxicity | 
    
       Hydrocortisone¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Toxicity Á¤º¸ Side effects include inhibition of bone formation, suppression of calcium absorption and delayed wound healing
  Oxytetracycline¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Toxicity Á¤º¸ Adverse effects may include stomach or bowel upsets and rarely allergic reactions. Very rarely severe headache and vision problems may be signs of dangerous intracranial hypertenion. 
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    | Drug Interactions | 
    
       Hydrocortisone¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Drug_Interactions Á¤º¸ Ambenonium	The corticosteroid decreases the effect of anticholinesterasesEdrophonium	The corticosteroid decreases the effect of anticholinesterasesNeostigmine	The corticosteroid decreases the effect of anticholinesterasesPyridostigmine	The corticosteroid decreases the effect of anticholinesterasesAspirin	The corticosteroid decreases the effect of salicylatesBismuth Subsalicylate	The corticosteroid decreases the effect of salicylatesSalicylate-magnesium	The corticosteroid decreases the effect of salicylatesSalicylate-sodium	The corticosteroid decreases the effect of salicylatesSalsalate	The corticosteroid decreases the effect of salicylatesTrisalicylate-choline	The corticosteroid decreases the effect of salicylatesWarfarin	The corticosteroid alters the anticoagulant effectAcenocoumarol	The corticosteroid alters the anticoagulant effectDicumarol	The corticosteroid alters the anticoagulant effectAnisindione	The corticosteroid alters the anticoagulant effectCholestyramine	Cholestyramine decreases the effect of hydrocortisoneColestipol	Cholestyramine decreases the effect of hydrocortisoneAmobarbital	The barbiturate decreases the effect of the corticosteroidAprobarbital	The barbiturate decreases the effect of the corticosteroidButabarbital	The barbiturate decreases the effect of the corticosteroidButalbital	The barbiturate decreases the effect of the corticosteroidButethal	The barbiturate decreases the effect of the corticosteroidDihydroquinidine barbiturate	The barbiturate decreases the effect of the corticosteroidHeptabarbital	The barbiturate decreases the effect of the corticosteroidHexobarbital	The barbiturate decreases the effect of the corticosteroidMethohexital	The barbiturate decreases the effect of the corticosteroidMethylphenobarbital	The barbiturate decreases the effect of the corticosteroidPentobarbital	The barbiturate decreases the effect of the corticosteroidPhenobarbital	The barbiturate decreases the effect of the corticosteroidPrimidone	The barbiturate decreases the effect of the corticosteroidQuinidine barbiturate	The barbiturate decreases the effect of the corticosteroidSecobarbital	The barbiturate decreases the effect of the corticosteroidTalbutal	The barbiturate decreases the effect of the corticosteroidRifampin	The enzyme inducer decreases the effect of the corticosteroidPhenytoin	The enzyme inducer decreases the effect of the corticosteroidMephenytoin	The enzyme inducer decreases the effect of the corticosteroidFosphenytoin	The enzyme inducer decreases the effect of the corticosteroidEthotoin	The enzyme inducer decreases the effect of the corticosteroidMidodrine	Increased arterial pressure
  Oxytetracycline¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Drug_Interactions Á¤º¸ Not Available 
     | 
   
  
   
    CYP450  Drug Interaction | 
    
      [CYP450 TableÁ÷Á¢Á¶È¸] 
     | 
   
  
   
    | Food Interaction | 
    
       Hydrocortisone¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Food Interaction Á¤º¸ Take with food to reduce irritation. Calcium, phosphorous, potassium, Vitamin A, C, D and zinc needs increased with long term use.
  Oxytetracycline¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Food Interaction Á¤º¸ Not Available 
     | 
   
  
   
    | Drug Target | 
    
      
      [Drug Target]
     | 
   
  
   
    | Description | 
    
       Hydrocortisone¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Description Á¤º¸ The main glucocorticoid secreted by the adrenal cortex. Its synthetic counterpart is used, either as an injection or topically, in the treatment of inflammation, allergy, collagen diseases, asthma, adrenocortical deficiency, shock, and some neoplastic conditions. [PubChem]
  Oxytetracycline¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Description Á¤º¸ A tetracycline analog isolated from the actinomycete streptomyces rimosus and used in a wide variety of clinical conditions. [PubChem] 
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    | Dosage Form | 
    
       Hydrocortisone¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Dosage_Form Á¤º¸ Aerosol	RectalCream	TopicalEnema	RectalLiquid	TopicalLotion	TopicalOintment	OphthalmicOintment	TopicalPowder, for solution	IntramuscularPowder, for solution	IntravenousTablet	Oral
  Oxytetracycline¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Dosage_Form Á¤º¸ Not Available 
     | 
   
  
   
    | Drug Category | 
    
       Hydrocortisone¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Drug_Category Á¤º¸ Anti-inflammatory Agents
  Oxytetracycline¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Drug_Category Á¤º¸ Anti-Bacterial AgentsTetracyclines 
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    | Smiles String Canonical | 
    
       Hydrocortisone¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Smiles_String_canonical Á¤º¸ CC12CCC(=O)C=C1CCC1C3CCC(O)(C(=O)CO)C3(C)CC(O)C21
  Oxytetracycline¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Smiles_String_canonical Á¤º¸ CN(C)C1C2C(O)C3C(C(=O)C2(O)C(=O)C(C1=O)=C(N)O)=C(O)C1=C(C=CC=C1O)C3(C)O 
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    | Smiles String Isomeric | 
    
       Hydrocortisone¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Smiles_String_isomeric Á¤º¸ C[C@]12CCC(=O)C=C1CC[C@H]1[C@@H]3CC[C@](O)(C(=O)CO)[C@@]3(C)C[C@H](O)[C@H]21
  Oxytetracycline¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Smiles_String_isomeric Á¤º¸ CN(C)[C@H]1[C@@H]2[C@@H](O)[C@H]3C(C(=O)[C@]2(O)C(=O)\C(C1=O)=C(\N)O)=C(O)C1=C(C=CC=C1O)[C@@]3(C)O 
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    | InChI Identifier | 
    
       Hydrocortisone¿¡ ´ëÇÑ InChI_Identifier Á¤º¸ InChI=1/C21H30O5/c1-19-7-5-13(23)9-12(19)3-4-14-15-6-8-21(26,17(25)11-22)20(15,2)10-16(24)18(14)19/h9,14-16,18,22,24,26H,3-8,10-11H2,1-2H3/t14-,15-,16-,18+,19-,20-,21-/m0/s1
  Oxytetracycline¿¡ ´ëÇÑ InChI_Identifier Á¤º¸ InChI=1/C22H24N2O9/c1-21(32)7-5-4-6-8(25)9(7)15(26)10-12(21)17(28)13-14(24(2)3)16(27)11(20(23)31)19(30)22(13,33)18(10)29/h4-6,12-14,17,25-26,28,31-33H,23H2,1-3H3/b20-11-/t12-,13-,14+,17+,21-,22+/m1/s1 
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    | Chemical IUPAC Name | 
    
       Hydrocortisone¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Chemical_IUPAC_Name Á¤º¸ (8S,9S,10R,11S,13S,14S,17R)-11,17-dihydroxy-17-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one
  Oxytetracycline¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Chemical_IUPAC_Name Á¤º¸ (2Z,4S,4aR,5S,5aR,6S,12aS)-2-(amino-hydroxymethylidene)-4-dimethylamino-5,6,10,11,12a-pentahydroxy-6-methyl-4,4a,5,5a-tetrahydrotetracene-1,3,12-trione 
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    | Drug-Induced Toxicity Related Proteins | 
    
      HYDROCORTISONE ÀÇ Drug-Induced Toxicity Related ProteinÁ¤º¸ Replated Protein:Interleukin-8  Drug:hydrocortisone Toxicity:inflammation.  [¹Ù·Î°¡±â] 
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                          ÀüÈ: 02-3486-1061 ¤Ó À̸ÞÀÏ: webmaster@druginfo.co.kr
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