Felodipine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Mechanism_Of_Action Á¤º¸ Felodipine is a calcium channel blocker. It reversibly competes with nitrendipine and/or other calcium channel blockers for dihydropyridine binding sites, blocks voltage-dependent calcium currents in vascular smooth muscle and cultured rabbit atrial cells, and blocks potassium-induced contracture of the rat portal vein. By blocking the calcium channels, felodipine inhibits the influx of extracellular calcium across the myocardial and vascular smooth muscle cell membranes and results in a decrease of peripheral vascular resistance. Metoprolol¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Mechanism_Of_Action Á¤º¸ Like betaxolol and atenolol, metoprolol competes with adrenergic neurotransmitters such as catecholamines for binding at beta(1)-adrenergic receptors in the heart and vascular smooth muscle. Beta(1)-receptor blockade results in a decrease in heart rate, cardiac output, and blood pressure.
Pharmacology
Felodipine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Pharmacology Á¤º¸ Felodipine, a dihydropyridine calcium-channel blocker, is used alone or with an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, to treat hypertension, chronic stable angina pectoris, and Prinzmetal's variant angina. Felodipine is similar to other peripheral vasodilators. Felodipine inhibits the influx of extra cellular calcium across the myocardial and vascular smooth muscle cell membranes blocking the calcium channels. The decrease in intracellular calcium inhibits the contractile processes of the myocardial smooth muscle cells, causing dilation of the coronary and systemic arteries, increased oxygen delivery to the myocardial tissue, decreased total peripheral resistance, decreased systemic blood pressure, and decreased afterload. Metoprolol¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Pharmacology Á¤º¸ Metoprolol, a competitive, beta1-selective (cardioselective) adrenergic antagonist, is similar to atenolol in its moderate lipid solubility, lack of intrinsic sympathomimetic activity (ISA), and weak membrane stabilizing activity (MSA).
Felodipine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Toxicity Á¤º¸ Symptoms of overdose include excessive peripheral vasodilation with marked hypotension and possibly bradycardia. Oral rat LD50 is 1050 mg/kg. Metoprolol¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Toxicity Á¤º¸ LD50=5500 mg/kg (orally in rats), toxic effects include bradycardia, hypotension, bronchospasm, and cardiac failure. LD50=2090 mg/kg (orally in mice)
Drug Interactions
Felodipine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Drug_Interactions Á¤º¸ Amobarbital The barbiturate decreases the effect of felodipineAprobarbital The barbiturate decreases the effect of felodipineButabarbital The barbiturate decreases the effect of felodipineButalbital The barbiturate decreases the effect of felodipineButethal The barbiturate decreases the effect of felodipineCarbamazepine Carbamazepine decreases the effect of felodipineDihydroquinidine barbiturate The barbiturate decreases the effect of felodipineHeptabarbital The barbiturate decreases the effect of felodipineHexobarbital The barbiturate decreases the effect of felodipineMethohexital The barbiturate decreases the effect of felodipineMethylphenobarbital The barbiturate decreases the effect of felodipinePentobarbital The barbiturate decreases the effect of felodipinePhenobarbital The barbiturate decreases the effect of felodipinePrimidone The barbiturate decreases the effect of felodipineQuinidine barbiturate The barbiturate decreases the effect of felodipineSecobarbital The barbiturate decreases the effect of felodipineTalbutal The barbiturate decreases the effect of felodipineErythromycin Erythromycin increases the effect of felodipineJosamycin Erythromycin increases the effect of felodipineEthotoin The hydantoin decreases the effect of felodipineFosphenytoin The hydantoin decreases the effect of felodipineMephenytoin The hydantoin decreases the effect of felodipinePhenytoin The hydantoin decreases the effect of felodipineQuinupristin This combination presents an increased risk of toxicityItraconazole Itraconazole increases effect/toxicity of felodipineNelfinavir Nelfinavir increases the effect and toxicity of felodipineOxcarbazepine Oxcarbazepine decreases the levels of felodipineTacrolimus Felodipine increases tacrolimus levels Metoprolol¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Drug_Interactions Á¤º¸ Acetohexamide The beta-blocker decreases the symptoms of hypoglycemiaChlorpropamide The beta-blocker decreases the symptoms of hypoglycemiaCimetidine Cimetidine increases the effect of the beta-blockerClonidine Increased hypertension when clonidine stoppedDisopyramide The beta-blocker increases toxicity of disopyramideGliclazide The beta-blocker decreases the symptoms of hypoglycemiaGlipizide The beta-blocker decreases the symptoms of hypoglycemiaGlisoxepide The beta-blocker decreases the symptoms of hypoglycemiaGlibenclamide The beta-blocker decreases the symptoms of hypoglycemiaGlycodiazine The beta-blocker decreases the symptoms of hypoglycemiaInsulin The beta-blocker decreases the symptoms of hypoglycemiaLidocaine The beta-blocker increases the effect and toxicity of lidocainePropafenone Propafenone increases the effect of beta-blockerRepaglinide The beta-blocker decreases the symptoms of hypoglycemiaRifampin Rifampin decreases the effect of the metabolized beta-blockerTelithromycin Telithromycin may possibly increase metoprolol effectTolazamide The beta-blocker decreases the symptoms of hypoglycemiaTolbutamide The beta-blocker decreases the symptoms of hypoglycemiaAmobarbital The barbiturate decreases the effect of metabolized beta-blockerAprobarbital The barbiturate decreases the effect of metabolized beta-blockerButalbital The barbiturate decreases the effect of metabolized beta-blockerButabarbital The barbiturate decreases the effect of metabolized beta-blockerButethal The barbiturate decreases the effect of metabolized beta-blockerDihydroquinidine barbiturate The barbiturate decreases the effect of metabolized beta-blockerHeptabarbital The barbiturate decreases the effect of metabolized beta-blockerHexobarbital The barbiturate decreases the effect of metabolized beta-blockerMethohexital The barbiturate decreases the effect of metabolized beta-blockerMethylphenobarbital The barbiturate decreases the effect of metabolized beta-blockerPentobarbital The barbiturate decreases the effect of metabolized beta-blockerPhenobarbital The barbiturate decreases the effect of metabolized beta-blockerPrimidone The barbiturate decreases the effect of metabolized beta-blockerQuinidine barbiturate The barbiturate decreases the effect of metabolized beta-blockerSecobarbital The barbiturate decreases the effect of metabolized beta-blockerTalbutal The barbiturate decreases the effect of metabolized beta-blockerCitalopram The SSRI increases the effect of the beta-blockerEscitalopram The SSRI increases the effect of the beta-blockerFluoxetine The SSRI increases the effect of the beta-blockerSertraline The SSRI increases the effect of the beta-blockerParoxetine The SSRI increases the effect of the beta-blockerDihydroergotamine Ischemia with risk of gangreneDihydroergotoxine Ischemia with risk of gangreneErgonovine Ischemia with risk of gangreneErgotamine Ischemia with risk of gangreneMethysergide Ischemia with risk of gangreneVerapamil Increased effect of both drugsHydralazine Increased effect of both drugsDiltiazem Increased risk of bradycardiaEpinephrine Hypertension, then bradycardiaFenoterol AntagonismFormoterol AntagonismIsoproterenol AntagonismOrciprenaline AntagonismPirbuterol AntagonismPrazosin Risk of hypotension at the beginning of therapyProcaterol AntagonismSalbutamol AntagonismSalmeterol AntagonismTerbutaline AntagonismIbuprofen Risk of inhibition of renal prostaglandinsIndomethacin Risk of inhibition of renal prostaglandinsPiroxicam Risk of inhibition of renal prostaglandins
Felodipine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Food Interaction Á¤º¸ Take without regard to meals.Grapefruit and grapefruit juice should be avoided throughout treatment as grapefruit can significantly increase serum levels of this product. Metoprolol¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Food Interaction Á¤º¸ Avoid alcohol.Take with food.Avoid natural licorice.
Felodipine¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Description Á¤º¸ A dihydropyridine calcium antagonist with positive inotropic effects. It lowers blood pressure by reducing peripheral vascular resistance through a highly selective action on smooth muscle in arteriolar resistance vessels. [PubChem] Metoprolol¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Description Á¤º¸ A selective adrenergic beta-1-blocking agent with no stimulatory action. It&