드러그인포 약품요약정보

허가정보

항목

내용

청구코드(KD코드)
비급여점검코드
상한금액

비급여
[상병코드조회]
[질병코드조회]

빠른조회


요약정보	[효능] [용법] [금기] [신중투여] [이상반응]

상세정보	[효능] [용법] [경고] [금기] [신중투여] [이상반응] [일반주의] [상호작용] [임산부] [수유부] [소아] [고령자] [신장애환자] [간장애환자] [적용주의] [과량투여] [임상검사치] [보관] [기타]

제품성상

황색의 투명한 액이 충진된 적색의 연질캅셀 [제형정보 확인]

포장·유통단위

10's

효능효과

[적응증 별 검색]

감기의 제증상 (콧물, 코막힘, 재채기, 인후통, 기침, 오한, 발열, 두통,관절통, 근육통)의 완화

약물음식간 상호작용

[조회]

용법용량

* 절대 임의복용하지 마시고 반드시 의사 또는 약사와 상담하시기 바랍니다.

[처방약어]
1일 3회, 1회에 다음 용량을 복용한다.
15세 이상 : 1회 2캅셀
11세~14세 : 1회 1 1/3캅셀
8세~10세 : 1회 1캅셀

[BMI지수 계산] [Body Surface Area 계산] [Cockcroft-Gault GFR 계산] [MDRD GFR 계산]

주요약물 상호작용

[조회]

금기

지금까지 이 약에 의한 과민증상(예를 들면, 발진, 발적, 가려움, 부종(후두, 눈꺼풀, 입술 등))을 일으킨 적이 있는 사람
지금까지 이 약 또는 다른 감기약, 해열진통제를 사용하여 천식이 나타난 적이 있는 사람

신중투여

본인 또는 가족이 알레르기성 체질인 사람.
간장, 신장, 갑상선질환, 당뇨병 및 고혈압 환자, 허약자, 고열환자.
심장장애자, 고령자
임부 또는 임신하고 있을 가능성이 있는 부인, 수유부
전신성 홍반성 루푸스 또는 혼합성 결합조직병 치료를 받고 있는 환자

이상반응

발진, 발적, 구역, 구토, 변비, 식욕부진, 배뇨곤란, 현기증

[주요 이상반응정보]

Off-label Usage

[조회]

Related FDA Approved Drug

기준 성분:CHLORPHENIRAMINE MALEATE
ADVIL ALLERGY SINUS (CHLORPHENIRAMINE MALEATE; IBUPROFEN; PSEUDOEPHEDRINE HYDROCHLORIDE)
ANTAGONATE (CHLORPHENIRAMINE MALEATE)
CHILDREN'S ADVIL ALLERGY SINUS (CHLORPHENIRAMINE MALEATE; IBUPROFEN; PSEUDOEPHEDRINE HYDROCHLORIDE)
CHLOROHENIRAMINE MALEATE AND PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE (CHLORPHENIRAMINE MALEATE; PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE)
CHLORPHENIRAMINE MALEATE (CHLORPHENIRAMINE MALEATE)
CHLORPHENIRAMINE MALEATE AND PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE (CHLORPHENIRAMINE MALEATE; PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE)
CHLOR-TRIMETON (CHLORPHENIRAMINE MALEATE)
CODIMAL-L.A. 12 (CHLORPHENIRAMINE MALEATE; PSEUDOEPHEDRINE HYDROCHLORIDE)
COLD CAPSULE IV (CHLORPHENIRAMINE MALEATE; PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE)
COLD CAPSULE V (CHLORPHENIRAMINE MALEATE; PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE)
CONTAC (CHLORPHENIRAMINE MALEATE; PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE)
CONTAC 12 HOUR (CHLORPHENIRAMINE MALEATE; PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE)
DEMAZIN (CHLORPHENIRAMINE MALEATE; PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE)
DEXCHLORPHENIRAMINE MALEATE (DEXCHLORPHENIRAMINE MALEATE)
DRIZE (CHLORPHENIRAMINE MALEATE; PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE)
EFIDAC 24 CHLORPHENIRAMINE MALEATE (CHLORPHENIRAMINE MALEATE)
ISOCLOR (CHLORPHENIRAMINE MALEATE; PSEUDOEPHEDRINE HYDROCHLORIDE)
KLOROMIN (CHLORPHENIRAMINE MALEATE)
ORNADE (CHLORPHENIRAMINE MALEATE; PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE)
PHENETRON (CHLORPHENIRAMINE MALEATE)
PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE W/ CHLORPHENIRAMINE MALEATE (CHLORPHENIRAMINE MALEATE; PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE)
POLARAMINE (DEXCHLORPHENIRAMINE MALEATE)
PSEUDOEPHEDRINE HYDROCHLORIDE AND CHLORPHENIRAMINE MALEATE (CHLORPHENIRAMINE MALEATE; PSEUDOEPHEDRINE HYDROCHLORIDE)
PYRIDAMAL 100 (CHLORPHENIRAMINE MALEATE)
TELDRIN (CHLORPHENIRAMINE MALEATE)
TRIAMINIC-12 (CHLORPHENIRAMINE MALEATE; PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE)
기준 성분:CAFFEINE ANHYDROUS
기준 성분:ACETAMINOPHEN
ACEPHEN (ACETAMINOPHEN)
ACETAMINOPHEN (ACETAMINOPHEN)
ACETAMINOPHEN AND CODEINE PHOSPHATE (ACETAMINOPHEN; CODEINE PHOSPHATE)
ACETAMINOPHEN AND HYDROCODONE BITARTRATE (ACETAMINOPHEN; HYDROCODONE BITARTRATE)
ACETAMINOPHEN AND PENTAZOCINE HYDROCHLORIDE (ACETAMINOPHEN; PENTAZOCINE HYDROCHLORIDE)
ACETAMINOPHEN, ASPIRIN AND CAFFEINE (ACETAMINOPHEN; ASPIRIN; CAFFEINE)
ACETAMINOPHEN, ASPIRIN, AND CODEINE PHOSPHATE (ACETAMINOPHEN; ASPIRIN; CODEINE PHOSPHATE)
ACETAMINOPHEN, BUTALBITAL AND CAFFEINE (ACETAMINOPHEN; BUTALBITAL; CAFFEINE)
ACETAMINOPHEN, CAFFEINE, AND DIHYDROCODEINE BITARTRATE (ACETAMINOPHEN; CAFFEINE; DIHYDROCODEINE BITARTRATE)
ALLAY (ACETAMINOPHEN; HYDROCODONE BITARTRATE)
ANEXSIA (ACETAMINOPHEN; HYDROCODONE BITARTRATE)
ANEXSIA 5/325 (ACETAMINOPHEN; HYDROCODONE BITARTRATE)
ANEXSIA 7.5/325 (ACETAMINOPHEN; HYDROCODONE BITARTRATE)
ANEXSIA 7.5/650 (ACETAMINOPHEN; HYDROCODONE BITARTRATE)
ANOQUAN (ACETAMINOPHEN; BUTALBITAL; CAFFEINE)
BANCAP (ACETAMINOPHEN; BUTALBITAL)
BANCAP HC (ACETAMINOPHEN; HYDROCODONE BITARTRATE)
BUCET (ACETAMINOPHEN; BUTALBITAL)
BUTALBITAL ACETAMINOPHEN AND CAFFEINE (ACETAMINOPHEN; BUTALBITAL; CAFFEINE)
BUTALBITAL AND ACETAMINOPHEN (ACETAMINOPHEN; BUTALBITAL)
BUTALBITAL, ACETAMINOPHEN AND CAFFEINE (ACETAMINOPHEN; BUTALBITAL; CAFFEINE)
BUTALBITAL, ACETAMINOPHEN, AND CAFFEINE WITH CODEINE PHOSPHATE (ACETAMINOPHEN; BUTALBITAL; CAFFEINE; CODEINE PHOSPHATE)
BUTALBITAL, ACETAMINOPHEN, CAFFEINE AND CODEINE PHOSPHATE (ACETAMINOPHEN; BUTALBITAL; CAFFEINE; CODEINE PHOSPHATE)
BUTALBITAL; ACETAMINOPHEN; CAFFEINE; CODEINE (BUTALBITAL; ACETAMINOPHEN; CAFFEINE; CODEINE PHOSPHATE)
BUTAPAP (ACETAMINOPHEN; BUTALBITAL)
CAPITAL AND CODEINE (ACETAMINOPHEN; CODEINE PHOSPHATE)
CODEINE, ASPIRIN, APAP FORMULA NO. 2 (ACETAMINOPHEN; ASPIRIN; CODEINE PHOSPHATE)
CODEINE, ASPIRIN, APAP FORMULA NO. 3 (ACETAMINOPHEN; ASPIRIN; CODEINE PHOSPHATE)
CODEINE, ASPIRIN, APAP FORMULA NO. 4 (ACETAMINOPHEN; ASPIRIN; CODEINE PHOSPHATE)
CODRIX (ACETAMINOPHEN; CODEINE PHOSPHATE)
CO-GESIC (ACETAMINOPHEN; HYDROCODONE BITARTRATE)
DARVOCET (ACETAMINOPHEN; PROPOXYPHENE HYDROCHLORIDE)
DARVOCET A500 (ACETAMINOPHEN; PROPOXYPHENE NAPSYLATE)
DARVOCET-N 100 (ACETAMINOPHEN; PROPOXYPHENE NAPSYLATE)
DARVOCET-N 50 (ACETAMINOPHEN; PROPOXYPHENE NAPSYLATE)
DHC PLUS (ACETAMINOPHEN; CAFFEINE; DIHYDROCODEINE BITARTRATE)
DOLENE AP-65 (ACETAMINOPHEN; PROPOXYPHENE HYDROCHLORIDE)
DRIXORAL PLUS (ACETAMINOPHEN; DEXBROMPHENIRAMINE MALEATE; PSEUDOEPHEDRINE SULFATE)
DURADYNE DHC (ACETAMINOPHEN; HYDROCODONE BITARTRATE)
EMPRACET W/ CODEINE PHOSPHATE #3 (ACETAMINOPHEN; CODEINE PHOSPHATE)
EMPRACET W/ CODEINE PHOSPHATE #4 (ACETAMINOPHEN; CODEINE PHOSPHATE)
ESGIC (ACETAMINOPHEN; BUTALBITAL; CAFFEINE)
ESGIC-PLUS (ACETAMINOPHEN; BUTALBITAL; CAFFEINE)
EXCEDRIN (MIGRAINE) (ACETAMINOPHEN; ASPIRIN; CAFFEINE)
FEMCET (ACETAMINOPHEN; BUTALBITAL; CAFFEINE)
FIORICET (ACETAMINOPHEN; BUTALBITAL; CAFFEINE)
FIORICET W/ CODEINE (ACETAMINOPHEN; BUTALBITAL; CAFFEINE; CODEINE PHOSPHATE)
HYDROCODONE BITARTRATE AND ACETAMINOPHEN (ACETAMINOPHEN; HYDROCODONE BITARTRATE)
HY-PHEN (ACETAMINOPHEN; HYDROCODONE BITARTRATE)
INFANTS' FEVERALL (ACETAMINOPHEN)
INJECTAPAP (ACETAMINOPHEN)
LORCET-HD (ACETAMINOPHEN; HYDROCODONE BITARTRATE)
LORTAB (ACETAMINOPHEN; HYDROCODONE BITARTRATE)
MEDIGESIC PLUS (ACETAMINOPHEN; BUTALBITAL; CAFFEINE)
NEOPAP (ACETAMINOPHEN)
NORCET (ACETAMINOPHEN; HYDROCODONE BITARTRATE)
NORCO (ACETAMINOPHEN; HYDROCODONE BITARTRATE)
OXYCET (ACETAMINOPHEN; OXYCODONE HYDROCHLORIDE)
OXYCODONE 2.5/APAP 500 (ACETAMINOPHEN; OXYCODONE HYDROCHLORIDE)
OXYCODONE 5/APAP 500 (ACETAMINOPHEN; OXYCODONE HYDROCHLORIDE)
OXYCODONE AND ACETAMINOPHEN (ACETAMINOPHEN; OXYCODONE HYDROCHLORIDE)
PAPA-DEINE #3 (ACETAMINOPHEN; CODEINE PHOSPHATE)
PAPA-DEINE #4 (ACETAMINOPHEN; CODEINE PHOSPHATE)
PERCOCET (ACETAMINOPHEN; OXYCODONE HYDROCHLORIDE)
PHENAPHEN W/ CODEINE NO. 2 (ACETAMINOPHEN; CODEINE PHOSPHATE)
PHENAPHEN W/ CODEINE NO. 3 (ACETAMINOPHEN; CODEINE PHOSPHATE)
PHENAPHEN W/ CODEINE NO. 4 (ACETAMINOPHEN; CODEINE PHOSPHATE)
PHENAPHEN-650 W/ CODEINE (ACETAMINOPHEN; CODEINE PHOSPHATE)
PHRENILIN (ACETAMINOPHEN; BUTALBITAL)
PHRENILIN FORTE (ACETAMINOPHEN; BUTALBITAL)
PHRENILIN WITH CAFFEINE AND CODEINE (ACETAMINOPHEN; BUTALBITAL; CAFFEINE; CODEINE PHOSPHATE)
PROPACET 100 (ACETAMINOPHEN; PROPOXYPHENE NAPSYLATE)
PROPOXYPHENE HYDROCHLORIDE AND ACETAMINOPHEN (ACETAMINOPHEN; PROPOXYPHENE HYDROCHLORIDE)
PROPOXYPHENE NAPSYLATE AND ACETAMINOPHEN (ACETAMINOPHEN; PROPOXYPHENE NAPSYLATE)
PROVAL #3 (ACETAMINOPHEN; CODEINE PHOSPHATE)
ROXICET (ACETAMINOPHEN; OXYCODONE HYDROCHLORIDE)
ROXICET 5/500 (ACETAMINOPHEN; OXYCODONE HYDROCHLORIDE)
ROXILOX (ACETAMINOPHEN; OXYCODONE HYDROCHLORIDE)
SEDAPAP (ACETAMINOPHEN; BUTALBITAL)
SYNALGOS-DC-A (ACETAMINOPHEN; CAFFEINE; DIHYDROCODEINE BITARTRATE)
TALACEN (ACETAMINOPHEN; PENTAZOCINE HYDROCHLORIDE)
TAVIST ALLERGY/SINUS/HEADACHE (ACETAMINOPHEN; CLEMASTINE FUMARATE; PSEUDOEPHEDRINE HYDROCHLORIDE)
TENCON (ACETAMINOPHEN; BUTALBITAL)
TRAMADOL HYDROCHLORIDE AND ACETAMINOPHEN (ACETAMINOPHEN; TRAMADOL HYDROCHLORIDE)
TRIAD (ACETAMINOPHEN; BUTALBITAL; CAFFEINE)
TRIAPRIN (ACETAMINOPHEN; BUTALBITAL)
TYCOLET (ACETAMINOPHEN; HYDROCODONE BITARTRATE)
TYLENOL (ACETAMINOPHEN)
TYLENOL (CAPLET) (ACETAMINOPHEN)
TYLENOL (GELTAB) (ACETAMINOPHEN)
TYLENOL W/ CODEINE (ACETAMINOPHEN; CODEINE PHOSPHATE)
TYLENOL W/ CODEINE NO. 1 (ACETAMINOPHEN; CODEINE PHOSPHATE)
TYLENOL W/ CODEINE NO. 2 (ACETAMINOPHEN; CODEINE PHOSPHATE)
TYLENOL W/ CODEINE NO. 3 (ACETAMINOPHEN; CODEINE PHOSPHATE)
TYLENOL W/ CODEINE NO. 4 (ACETAMINOPHEN; CODEINE PHOSPHATE)
TYLOX (ACETAMINOPHEN; OXYCODONE HYDROCHLORIDE)
TYLOX-325 (ACETAMINOPHEN; OXYCODONE HYDROCHLORIDE)
ULTRACET (ACETAMINOPHEN; TRAMADOL HYDROCHLORIDE)
VICODIN (ACETAMINOPHEN; HYDROCODONE BITARTRATE)
VICODIN ES (ACETAMINOPHEN; HYDROCODONE BITARTRATE)
VICODIN HP (ACETAMINOPHEN; HYDROCODONE BITARTRATE)
WYGESIC (ACETAMINOPHEN; PROPOXYPHENE HYDROCHLORIDE)
ZYDONE (ACETAMINOPHEN; HYDROCODONE BITARTRATE)

정보요약

드럭인포 의약품 요약/상세정보

코드 및 분류정보

항목	내용
BIT 약효분류	종합감기약(Drugs to Relieve Common Cold)
복지부분류코드	114 (해열·진통·소염제 )
Drugs By Indication	[전체보기]
Drugs By Classification	[전체보기]

제품정보

항목	내용
청구코드(KD코드) 비급여점검코드 상한금액	비급여 [상병코드조회] [질병코드집 다운로드]
제품성상	황색의 투명한 액이 충진된 적색의 연질캅셀 [제형정보 확인]
포장·유통단위	10's
보관방법	밀폐용기, 실온보관(1-30℃)

복약정보

항목

내용

LACTmed 바로가기

[바로가기]

약리작용

유료정보입니다.

복약지도

유료정보입니다.

임부에대한투여

*	전체임신 기간별로 여러등급이 존재할 수 있으며 가장 위험도가 높은 정보만 보여집니다. 단, 복합제의 경우 모든 복합제성분에 대한 임부투여등급이 표시된것은 절대 아니며 표시된것중에 가장 위험도가 높은 정보만 나타납니다.

FDA : C등급

*	상기 임부투여에 대한 정보는 전산처리 되면서 입력 오류 가능성이 존재합니다. 오류 가능성을 최소화하기 위하여 많은 노력을 기울이고 있으나, 그 정확성에 대하여 확신을 드릴 수 없습니다. 이에 대해 회사는 책임을 지지 않습니다.
*	반드시 공신력 있는 문헌을 다시 한번 참고 하시기 바라며 의사 또는 약사의 판단에 따라 투여여부가 결정되어야 합니다.

신장애, 간장애시
용량조절

유료정보입니다.

Pharmacokinetics

유료정보입니다.

병용금기 및 연령대금기 근거조회

[병용금기 및 연령대금기 근거조회]

복약라벨

이미지

복약설명

변비가 생길수 있습니다.

어지러움이 있을수 있습니다.

*	복약이미지는 모든 복약지도 사항을 표시한것은 아니며, 추가적으로 업데이트되거나 수정될 수 있습니다.
*	복약이미지의 표시여부는 실제 약물복용시 중요도에 따른것은 아니며 단순히 허가정보상 키워드를 기준으로 등록되었습니다.
*	귀하가 복약이미지 정보를 신뢰함은 전적으로 귀하의 책임입니다. 드럭인포는 이에 대한 어떠한 보증도 하지 않습니다.

보관상 주의

조제시 주의

심사정보

항목	내용
DUR 관련 고시	[병용연령금기 의약품 / 임부금기 의약품 / 비용효과적 함량 의약품 / 안전성 관련 급여중지 의약품]

학술정보

항목	내용
DUR (의약품사용평가)	병용금기 : 고시된 병용금기 내용은 없습니다. [상호작용/병용금기검색] 연령대금기 : 고시된 연령금기 내용은 없습니다. [연령대금기상세검색]
독성정보	Acetaminophen에 대한 독성정보 : 정보보기 Chlorpheniramine에 대한 독성정보 : 정보보기 Dextromethorphan에 대한 독성정보 : 정보보기 Ephedrine에 대한 독성정보 : 정보보기 출처: 국립독성과학원 독성물질정보DB : http://www.nitr.go.kr/nitr/contents/m134200/view.do
Mechanism of Action	Acetaminophen에 대한 Mechanism_Of_Action 정보 Acetaminophen is thought to act primarily in the CNS, increasing the pain threshold by inhibiting both isoforms of cyclooxygenase, COX-1 and COX-2, enzymes involved in prostaglandin (PG) synthesis. Unlike NSAIDs, acetaminophen does not inhibit cyclooxygenase in peripheral tissues and, thus, has no peripheral anti-inflammatory affects. While aspirin acts as an irreversible inhibitor of COX and directly blocks the enzyme's active site, studies have found that acetaminophen indirectly blocks COX, and that this blockade is ineffective in the presence of peroxides. This might explain why acetaminophen is effective in the central nervous system and in endothelial cells but not in platelets and immune cells which have high levels of peroxides. Studies also report data suggesting that acetaminophen selectively blocks a variant of the COX enzyme that is different from the known variants COX-1 and COX-2. This enzyme is now referred to as COX-3. Its exact mechanism of action is still poorly understood, but future research may provide further insight into how it works. Caffeine에 대한 Mechanism_Of_Action 정보 Caffeine stimulates medullary, vagal, vasomotor, and respiratory centers, promoting bradycardia, vasoconstriction, and increased respiratory rate. This action was previously believed to be due primarily to increased intracellular cyclic 3′,5′-adenosine monophosphate (cyclic AMP) following inhibition of phosphodiesterase, the enzyme that degrades cyclic AMP. It is now thought that xanthines such as caffeine act as agonists at adenosine-receptors within the plasma membrane of virtually every cell. As adenosine acts as an autocoid, inhibiting the release of neurotransmitters from presynaptic sites but augmenting the actions of norepinephrine or angiotensin, antagonism of adenosine receptors promotes neurotransmitter release. This explains the stimulatory effects of caffeine. Blockade of the adenosine A1 receptor in the heart leads to the accelerated, pronounced "pounding" of the heart upon caffeine intake. Chlorpheniramine에 대한 Mechanism_Of_Action 정보 Chlorpheniramine binds to the histamine H1 receptor. This blocks the action of endogenous histamine, which subsequently leads to temporary relief of the negative symptoms brought on by histamine. Dextromethorphan에 대한 Mechanism_Of_Action 정보 Dextromethorphan is an opioid-like drug that binds to and acts as antagonist to the NMDA glutamatergic receptor, it is an agonist to the opioid sigma 1 and sigma 2 receptors, it is also an alpha3/beta4 nicotinic receptor antagonist and targets the serotonin reuptake pump. Dextromethorphan is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, where it enters the bloodstream and crosses the blood-brain barrier. The first-pass through the hepatic portal vein results in some of the drug being metabolized into an active metabolite of dextromethorphan, dextrorphan, the 3-hydroxy derivative of dextromethorphan.
Pharmacology	Acetaminophen에 대한 Pharmacology 정보 Acetaminophen (USAN) or Paracetamol (INN) is a popular analgesic and antipyretic drug that is used for the relief of fever, headaches, and other minor aches and pains. It is a major ingredient in numerous cold and flu medications and many prescription analgesics. It is extremely safe in standard doses, but because of its wide availability, deliberate or accidental overdoses are not uncommon. Acetaminophen, unlike other common analgesics such as aspirin and ibuprofen, has no anti-inflammatory properties or effects on platelet function, and so it is not a member of the class of drugs known as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or NSAIDs. In normal doses acetaminophen does not irritate the lining of the stomach nor affect blood coagulation, the kidneys, or the fetal ductus arteriosus (as NSAIDs can). Like NSAIDs and unlike opioid analgesics, acetaminophen does not cause euphoria or alter mood in any way. Acetaminophen and NSAIDs have the benefit of being completely free of problems with addiction, dependence, tolerance and withdrawal. Acetaminophen is used on its own or in combination with pseudoephedrine, dextromethorphan, chlorpheniramine, diphenhydramine, doxylamine, codeine, hydrocodone, or oxycodone. Caffeine에 대한 Pharmacology 정보 Caffeine, a naturally occurring xanthine derivative like theobromine and the bronchodilator theophylline, is used as a CNS stimulant, mild diuretic, and respiratory stimulant (in neonates with apnea of prematurity). Often combined with analgesics or with ergot alkaloids, caffeine is used to treat migraine and other headache types. Over the counter, caffeine is available to treat drowsiness or mild water-weight gain. Chlorpheniramine에 대한 Pharmacology 정보 In allergic reactions an allergen interacts with and cross-links surface IgE antibodies on mast cells and basophils. Once the mast cell-antibody-antigen complex is formed, a complex series of events occurs that eventually leads to cell-degranulation and the release of histamine (and other chemical mediators) from the mast cell or basophil. Once released, histamine can react with local or widespread tissues through histamine receptors. Histamine, acting on H₁-receptors, produces pruritis, vasodilatation, hypotension, flushing, headache, tachycardia, and bronchoconstriction. Histamine also increases vascular permeability and potentiates pain. Chlorpheniramine, is a histamine H1 antagonist (or more correctly, an inverse histamine agonist) of the alkylamine class. It competes with histamine for the normal H₁-receptor sites on effector cells of the gastrointestinal tract, blood vessels and respiratory tract. It provides effective, temporary relief of sneezing, watery and itchy eyes, and runny nose due to hay fever and other upper respiratory allergies. Dextromethorphan에 대한 Pharmacology 정보 Dextromethorphan suppresses the cough reflex by a direct action on the cough center in the medulla of the brain. Dextromethorphan shows high affinity binding to several regions of the brain, including the medullary cough center. This compound is an NMDA receptor antagonist and acts as a non-competitive channel blocker. It is one of the widely used antitussives, and is also used to study the involvement of glutamate receptors in neurotoxicity.
Metabolism	Acetaminophen에 대한 Metabolism 정보 # Phase_1_Metabolizing_Enzyme:Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2)Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) Caffeine에 대한 Metabolism 정보 # Phase_1_Metabolizing_Enzyme:Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) Chlorpheniramine에 대한 Metabolism 정보 # Phase_1_Metabolizing_Enzyme:Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) Dextromethorphan에 대한 Metabolism 정보 # Phase_1_Metabolizing_Enzyme:Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6)
Protein Binding	Caffeine에 대한 단백결합 정보 Low (25 to 36%). Chlorpheniramine에 대한 단백결합 정보 72%
Half-life	Acetaminophen에 대한 반감기 정보 1 to 4 hours Caffeine에 대한 반감기 정보 3 to 7 hours in adults, 65 to 130 hours in neonates Chlorpheniramine에 대한 반감기 정보 21-27 hours Dextromethorphan에 대한 반감기 정보 3-6 hours
Absorption	Acetaminophen에 대한 Absorption 정보 Rapid and almost complete Caffeine에 대한 Absorption 정보 Readily absorbed after oral or parenteral administration. The peak plasma level for caffeine range from 6-10mg/L and the mean time to reach peak concentration ranged from 30 minutes to 2 hours. Chlorpheniramine에 대한 Absorption 정보 Well absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract. Dextromethorphan에 대한 Absorption 정보 Rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.
Pharmacokinetics	Dextromethorphan HBr의 약물동력학자료 진해작용 발현시간 : 15~30분 이내 작용지속시간 : 6시간까지 대사 : 간대사 소실 : 주로 신배설 Thiamine nitrate의 약물동력학자료 흡수 : 경구 : 최대흡수량 : 8-15 mg/day 근육주사 : 신속하고 완전하게 흡수된다. 분포 : 최소요구량 (약 1 mg/day)을 초과 섭취시 조직 저장에 포화가 나타난다. 소실 : 과잉 섭취된 양은 뇨를 통해 배설된다. Riboflavin의 약물동력학자료 흡수 : 위장관으로부터 잘 흡수된다. 음식물에 의해 흡수양이 증가한다. 간염, 간경화, 담관폐색이 있는 환자에서 흡수가 감소한다. 분포 : 체내 모든 조직에 널리 분포한다. 반감기 : 초기 상 : 1.4 시간 말기 상 : 14시간 소실 : 미변화체로 신배설되는 양은 약 9%이다. Caffeine anhydrous의 약물동력학자료 흡수 : 경구 : 신속하게, 완전히 흡수됨 (99%) 분포 : 모든 체액에 분포하며, 뇌혈관장벽, 태반을 통과하고, 유즙으로도 분비됨 분포용적 : 신생아 : 0.92 L/kg 성인 : 0.58 L/kg 단백결합 : 15-35% 대사 : 성인 : 거의 대부분이 간에서 대사되며, 탈메틸화되어 paraxanthine (72%), theobromine (20%), theophylline (8%)으로 대사됨 반감기 : 미숙아 : 65-103 시간 완숙아 : 82시간 3-4개월 영아 : 14.4 시간 5-6개월 영아 : 2.6 시간 성인 : 3-7.5 시간 (평균 4.9 시간) 임신부 : 18시간까지 혈중최고농도 도달시간 : 15-45분 소실 : 성인 : 미변화체로 신배설되는 양은 0.5-3.5% 신생아 : 거의 대부분 미변화체로 신배설됨 Acetaminophen의 약물동력학자료 단백결합 : 20-50% 대사 : 상용량에서 : 간에서 sulfate와 glucuronide 포합체로 대사되며, 소량은 microsomal mixed function oxidases에 의해 반응성이 매우 높은 중간대사체(acetylimidoquinone)로 대사된 후 glutathione 포합으로 비활성화된다. 중독량에서 (4g을 단 하루 복용한 정도까지도 포함된다) : glutathione 포합이 점점 불충분하게 되어 acetylimidoquinone 농도가 증가하게 되며 이것이 간세포 괴사를 유발하는 것으로 여겨지고 있다. 반감기 신생아 : 2-5 시간 성인 정상 신기능 : 1-3 시간 말기 신질환 : 1-3 시간 최대혈중농도 도달시간 경구 : 상용량 복용시 10-60분, 급성 중독량 복용시 지연될 수 있다. Chlorpheniramine Maleate의 약물동력학자료 단백결합 : 69-72% 대사 : 간대사 반감기 : 20-24 시간 소실 : 대사체, 약물(3-4%)이 신배설되며, 48시간내에 전체의 35%가 소실된다.
Biotransformation	Acetaminophen에 대한 Biotransformation 정보 Approximately 90 to 95% of a dose is metabolized in the liver via the cytochrome P450 enzyme pathways (primarily by conjugation with glucuronic acid, sulfuric acid, and cysteine). An intermediate metabolite is hepatotoxic and most likely nephrotoxic and can accumulate after the primary metabolic pathways have been saturated. Caffeine에 대한 Biotransformation 정보 Hepatic cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP 1A2) is involved in caffeine biotransformation. About 80% of a dose of caffeine is metabolized to paraxanthine (1,7-dimethylxanthine), 10% to theobromine (3,7-dimethylxanthine), and 4% to theophylline (1,3-dimethylxanthine). Chlorpheniramine에 대한 Biotransformation 정보 Primarily hepatic via Cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes. Dextromethorphan에 대한 Biotransformation 정보 Hepatic. Rapidly and extensively metabolized to dextrorphan (active metabolite). One well known metabolic catalyst involved is a specific cytochrome P450 enzyme known as 2D6, or CYP2D6.
Toxicity	Acetaminophen에 대한 Toxicity 정보 Oral, mouse: LD₅₀ = 338 mg/kg; Oral, rat: LD₅₀ = 1944 mg/kg. Acetaminophen is metabolized primarily in the liver, where most of it is converted to inactive compounds by conjugation with sulfate and glucuronide, and then excreted by the kidneys. Only a small portion is metabolized via the hepatic cytochrome P450 enzyme system. The toxic effects of acetaminophen are due to a minor alkylating metabolite (N-acetyl-p-benzo-quinone imine), not acetaminophen itself nor any of the major metabolites. This toxic metabolite reacts with sulfhydryl groups. At usual doses, it is quickly detoxified by combining irreversibly with the sulfhydryl group of glutathione to produce a non-toxic conjugate that is eventually excreted by the kidneys. The toxic dose of paracetamol is highly variable. In adults, single doses above 10 grams or 140 mg/kg have a reasonable likelihood of causing toxicity. In adults, single doses of more than 25 grams have a high risk of lethality. Caffeine에 대한 Toxicity 정보 LD₅₀=127 mg/kg (orally in mice) Chlorpheniramine에 대한 Toxicity 정보 LD₅₀ = 306 mg/kg in humans, mild reproductive toxin to women of childbearing age. Dextromethorphan에 대한 Toxicity 정보 Not Available
Drug Interactions	Acetaminophen에 대한 Drug_Interactions 정보 Anisindione Acetaminophen increases the anticoagulant effectWarfarin Acetaminophen increases the anticoagulant effectImatinib Increased hepatic toxicity of both agentsIsoniazid Risk of hepatotoxicityDicumarol Acetaminophen increases the anticoagulant effectDicumarol Increases the anticoagulant effectAcenocoumarol Increases the anticoagulant effect Caffeine에 대한 Drug_Interactions 정보 Not Available Chlorpheniramine에 대한 Drug_Interactions 정보 Donepezil Possible antagonism of actionGalantamine Possible antagonism of actionRivastigmine Possible antagonism of actionEthotoin The antihistamine increases the effect of hydantoinFosphenytoin The antihistamine increases the effect of hydantoinMephenytoin The antihistamine increases the effect of hydantoinPhenytoin The antihistamine increases the effect of hydantoin Dextromethorphan에 대한 Drug_Interactions 정보 Dihydroquinidine barbiturate Quinidine increases the toxicity of dextromethorphanQuinidine Quinidine increases the toxicity of dextromethorphanQuinidine barbiturate Quinidine increases the toxicity of dextromethorphanFluoxetine Combination associated with possible serotoninergic syndromeIsocarboxazid Possible severe adverse reactionMemantine Increased risk of CNS adverse effectsMoclobemide Increased CNS toxicityParoxetine Combination associated with possible serotoninergic syndromePhenelzine Possible severe adverse reactionRasagiline Possible severe adverse reactionSelegiline Combination associated with possible serotoninergic syndromeSibutramine Combination associated with possible serotoninergic syndromeTerbinafine Terbinafine increases dextromethorphan levelsTranylcypromine Possible severe adverse reaction
CYP450 Drug Interaction	[CYP450 Table직접조회] Dextromethorphan에 대한 P450 table Chlorpheniramine에 대한 P450 table Acetaminophen에 대한 P450 table SUBSTRATES CYP 2E1 acetaminophen chlorzoxazone ethanol INHIBITORS CYP 2E1 disulfiram INDUCERS CYP 2E1 ethanol isoniazid SUBSTRATES CYP 2D6 Beta Blockers: S-metoprolol propafenone timolol Antidepressants: amitriptyline clomipramine desipramine imipramine paroxetine Antipsychotics: haloperidol risperidone thioridazine aripiprazole codeine dextromethorphan duloxetine flecainide mexiletine ondansetron tamoxifen tramadol venlafaxine INHIBITORS CYP 2D6 amiodarone buproprion chlorpheniramine cimetidine clomipramine duloxetine fluoxetine haloperidol methadone mibefradil paroxetine quinidine ritonavir INDUCERS CYP 2D6 N/A SUBSTRATES CYP 2D6 Beta Blockers: S-metoprolol propafenone timolol Antidepressants: amitriptyline clomipramine desipramine imipramine paroxetine Antipsychotics: haloperidol risperidone thioridazine aripiprazole codeine dextromethorphan duloxetine flecainide mexiletine ondansetron tamoxifen tramadol venlafaxine INHIBITORS CYP 2D6 amiodarone buproprion chlorpheniramine cimetidine clomipramine duloxetine fluoxetine haloperidol methadone mibefradil paroxetine quinidine ritonavir INDUCERS CYP 2D6 N/A
Food Interaction	Acetaminophen에 대한 Food Interaction 정보 Take without regard to meals.Avoid alcohol (may increase risk of hepatotoxicity). Chlorpheniramine에 대한 Food Interaction 정보 Take with food.Avoid alcohol.
Drug Target	[Drug Target]
SNP 정보	Name:Caffeine (DB00201) Interacting Gene/Enzyme:Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Gene symbol = CYP1A2) Swissprot P05177 SNP(s):rs762551 (C allele) Effect:Myocardial infarction Reference(s):Cornelis MC, El-Sohemy A, Kabagambe EK, Campos H: Coffee, CYP1A2 genotype, and risk of myocardial infarction. JAMA. 2006 Mar 8;295(10):1135-41. [PubMed]
Description	Acetaminophen에 대한 Description 정보 Analgesic antipyretic derivative of acetanilide. It has weak anti-inflammatory properties and is used as a common analgesic, but may cause liver, blood cell, and kidney damage. [PubChem] Caffeine에 대한 Description 정보 A methylxanthine naturally occurring in some beverages and also used as a pharmacological agent. Caffeine& Chlorpheniramine에 대한 Description 정보 A histamine H1 antagonist used in allergic reactions, hay fever, rhinitis, urticaria, and asthma. It has also been used in veterinary applications. One of the most widely used of the classical antihistaminics, it generally causes less drowsiness and sedation than promethazine. [PubChem] Dextromethorphan에 대한 Description 정보 The d-isomer of the codeine analog of levorphanol. Dextromethorphan shows high affinity binding to several regions of the brain, including the medullary cough center. This compound is an NMDA receptor antagonist (receptors, N-methyl-D-aspartate) and acts as a non-competitive channel blocker. It is one of the widely used antitussives, and is also used to study the involvement of glutamate receptors in neurotoxicity. [PubChem]
Dosage Form	Acetaminophen에 대한 Dosage_Form 정보 Capsule OralElixir OralLiquid OralSolution OralSolution / drops OralSuppository RectalSuspension OralSyrup OralTablet OralTablet, effervescent OralTablet, extended release Oral Caffeine에 대한 Dosage_Form 정보 Capsule OralElixir OralLiquid OralPill OralSolution OralSolution / drops OralSuppository RectalSuspension OralSyrup OralTablet OralTablet, extended release Oral Chlorpheniramine에 대한 Dosage_Form 정보 Syrup OralTablet OralTablet, extended release Oral Dextromethorphan에 대한 Dosage_Form 정보 Capsule OralLiquid OralLozenge OralStrip OralSuspension OralSyrup OralTablet Oral
Drug Category	Acetaminophen에 대한 Drug_Category 정보 Analgesics, Non-NarcoticAntipyretics Caffeine에 대한 Drug_Category 정보 Anorexigenic AgentsCentral Nervous System StimulantsPhosphodiesterase Inhibitors Chlorpheniramine에 대한 Drug_Category 정보 Anti-Allergic AgentsAntihistaminesAntipruriticsHistamine H1 Antagonists Dextromethorphan에 대한 Drug_Category 정보 Analgesics, OpioidAntitussive AgentsExcitatory Amino Acid Antagonists
Smiles String Canonical	Acetaminophen에 대한 Smiles_String_canonical 정보 CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 Caffeine에 대한 Smiles_String_canonical 정보 CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)N(C)C(=O)N2C Chlorpheniramine에 대한 Smiles_String_canonical 정보 CN(C)CCC(C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1)C1=CC=CC=N1 Dextromethorphan에 대한 Smiles_String_canonical 정보 COC1=CC2=C(CC3C4CCCCC24CCN3C)C=C1
Smiles String Isomeric	Acetaminophen에 대한 Smiles_String_isomeric 정보 CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 Caffeine에 대한 Smiles_String_isomeric 정보 CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)N(C)C(=O)N2C Chlorpheniramine에 대한 Smiles_String_isomeric 정보 CN(C)CC[C@H](C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1)C1=CC=CC=N1 Dextromethorphan에 대한 Smiles_String_isomeric 정보 COC1=CC2=C(C[C@H]3[C@H]4CCCC[C@@]24CCN3C)C=C1
InChI Identifier	Acetaminophen에 대한 InChI_Identifier 정보 InChI=1/C8H9NO2/c1-6(10)9-7-2-4-8(11)5-3-7/h2-5,11H,1H3,(H,9,10)/f/h9H Caffeine에 대한 InChI_Identifier 정보 InChI=1/C8H10N4O2/c1-10-4-9-6-5(10)7(13)12(3)8(14)11(6)2/h4H,1-3H3 Chlorpheniramine에 대한 InChI_Identifier 정보 InChI=1/C16H19ClN2/c1-19(2)12-10-15(16-5-3-4-11-18-16)13-6-8-14(17)9-7-13/h3-9,11,15H,10,12H2,1-2H3 Dextromethorphan에 대한 InChI_Identifier 정보 InChI=1/C18H25NO/c1-19-10-9-18-8-4-3-5-15(18)17(19)11-13-6-7-14(20-2)12-16(13)18/h6-7,12,15,17H,3-5,8-11H2,1-2H3/t15-,17+,18-/m1/s1
Chemical IUPAC Name	Acetaminophen에 대한 Chemical_IUPAC_Name 정보 N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamide Caffeine에 대한 Chemical_IUPAC_Name 정보 1,3,7-trimethylpurine-2,6-dione Chlorpheniramine에 대한 Chemical_IUPAC_Name 정보 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-N,N-dimethyl-3-pyridin-2-ylpropan-1-amine Dextromethorphan에 대한 Chemical_IUPAC_Name 정보 Not Available
Drug-Induced Toxicity Related Proteins	ACETAMINOPHEN 의 Drug-Induced Toxicity Related Protein정보 Replated Protein:Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor Drug:acetaminophen Toxicity:hepatic injury . [바로가기] Replated Protein:Myeloperoxidase Drug:acetaminophen Toxicity:respiratory burst. [바로가기] Replated Protein:Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Drug:acetaminophen Toxicity:drug-induced hemolysis. [바로가기] Replated Protein:Ornithine decarboxylase Drug:acetaminophen Toxicity:hepatotoxicity. [바로가기] Replated Protein:Lactate dehydrogenase Drug:acetaminophen Toxicity:hepatotoxicity. [바로가기] Replated Protein:Transcription factor AP-1(JUN) Drug:acetaminophen Toxicity:hepatotoxicity. [바로가기] Replated Protein:Haptoglobin Drug:acetaminophen Toxicity:drug-induced hemolysis. [바로가기] Replated Protein:Alanine aminotransferase Drug:acetaminophen Toxicity:hepatotoxicity. [바로가기] Replated Protein:Beta-glucuronidase Drug:acetaminophen Toxicity:hepatotoxin-induced effects. [바로가기] Replated Protein:CYP2E1 Drug:Acetaminophen Toxicity:idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity. [바로가기] Replated Protein:Cytochrome P450 2E1 Drug:acetaminophen Toxicity:hepatotoxicity. [바로가기] Replated Protein:Sulfotransferase family cytosolic Drug:acetaminophen Toxicity:chronic hypoxia. [바로가기] Replated Protein:Cytochrome P450 3A4 Drug:acetaminophen Toxicity:hepatotoxicity. [바로가기] Replated Protein:Caspase recruitment domain-containing protein Drug:acetaminophen Toxicity:hepatotoxicity. [바로가기] Replated Protein:Cytochrome P450 1A2 Drug:acetaminophen Toxicity:hepatotoxicity. [바로가기] ACETAMINOPHEN (APAP) 의 Drug-Induced Toxicity Related Protein정보 Replated Protein:Cytochrome P450 Drug:acetaminophen (APAP) Toxicity:renal functional changes, strain-dependent histopathological changes. [바로가기] CAFFEINE 의 Drug-Induced Toxicity Related Protein정보 Replated Protein:Metallothionein Drug:caffeine Toxicity:hepatotoxicity. [바로가기] MALEATE 의 Drug-Induced Toxicity Related Protein정보 Replated Protein:Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 Drug:maleate Toxicity:hepatic injury. [바로가기]

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